18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Orientation of the heart

Heart Anatomy: Gross Anatomy

The Human Reproductive System

 The trabeculae carneae are located in the internal wall of the ventricles and are not attached to the AV valve flaps. The chordae tendineae, also known as the heartstrings, are attached to the flaps of the AV valves and prevent the valves from blowing into the atria when the ventricles contract. 

 The papillary muscles are attached through the chordae tendineae to the flaps of the AV valves. The chordae tendineae, also known as the heartstrings, are attached to the flaps of the AV valves and prevent the valves from blowing into the atria when the ventricles contract. 

 The pectinate muscles are located in the walls of the atria and are not attached to the flaps of the AV valves. The chordae tendineae, also known as the heartstrings, are attached to the flaps of the AV valves and prevent the valves from blowing into the atria when the ventricles contract. 

 The __________ are attached to the AV valve flaps. 

 The heart has four chambers: right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and left ventricle. The atria are the superior chambers; the ventricles are inferior to the atria.  

 The superior chambers of the heart are called the __________. 

 The layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep are the epicardium, the myocardium, and the endocardium. The endocardium lines the heart chambers.  

 The lining of the heart chambers is called the __________.  

 The endocardium is a thin sheet of simple squamous epithelium (endothelium). 

 The endocardium is composed of __________. 

 The pericardial sac is the space between the two layers of the pericardium. 

 the parietal layer of serous pericardium 

 The parietal layer of serous pericardium lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium. 

 The fibrous pericardium is the outer layer of the pericardial sac and is separated from the wall of the heart by the pericardial space. 

 Which of the following structures is superficial to the heart wall and serves to protect the heart, anchor the heart, and prevent the heart from overfilling? 

Anatomy of the Heart

 visceral layer of the serous pericardium 

 The pericardial sac is lined by a serous membrane called the parietal pericardium. 

 parietal layer of the serous pericardium 

 The structure just deep to the fibrous pericardium is the __________. 

 The heart is enclosed in a double-layered sac called the pleural membrane. 

 The heart is shaped like a cone with the base facing the right shoulder. 

 Approximately two-thirds of the heart is found to the left of the midline. 

 The heart is located between the two lungs within the mediastinum. 

 Which of the following statements is NOT true about the shape, position, and location of the heart? 

 The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle. 

 The tricuspid valve is located between the __________. 

Layers of the Pericardium and Heart Wall

The Circulatory System : The Heart

Layers Of The Heart

 The mitral, or bicuspid, valve is the valve that most often becomes faulty in the heart. 

 Which of the following valves is most often faulty in the heart? 

 The fibrous pericardium is the superficial part of the pericardium that encloses the heart. It protects the heart, prevents the heart from overfilling with blood, and anchors the heart to surrounding structures.  

 It anchors the heart to surrounding structures. 

 It prevents the heart from overfilling with blood. 

 Which of the following is NOT a role of the fibrous pericardium? 

 The superficial epicardium, the middle myocardium, and the inner endocardium form the heart wall. 

 parietal pericardium, myocardium, endocardium 

 Which is the correct sequence of layers in the heart wall, starting with the outer layer? 

Cardiovascular System: Location of the heart

 The mitral valve closes to prevent the backflow of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium. 

 right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk 

 When the mitral valve closes, it prevents the backflow of blood from the __________. 

Pericardium - Definition, Function & Layers - Human Anatomy

Your Heart Sits In a Sac? (Pericardium & Pericarditis)

 The left side of the heart is the systemic circuit pump. Since the left ventricle pumps blood to the entire body, it makes sense that it is a more powerful pump than the right ventricle, which only needs to pump blood to the nearby lungs. The powerful pumping ability of the left ventricle is due in part to its thick musculature; the walls of the left ventricle are about three times thicker than the walls of the right ventricle. Since the demands on the left ventricle are so great, it receives the highest percentage of the coronary blood supply. 

 The most muscular chamber of the heart is the __________. 

Layers of the Heart Wall 

Lab Assistant Video: Using Blood Flow to Identify Major Structures of the Heart

 The interventricular septum separates the two ventricles. 

 The interventricular septum forms a dividing wall between the __________. 

Pathway of Blood Through the Heart

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1. Introduction to A&P

2. Chemistry

3. Cells

4. Tissues

5. Integumentary System

6. Bones + Skeletal Tissues

7. Skeletal System

8. Joints

9. Muscles and Muscle Tissue

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous Tissue

12. Central Nervous System

13. Peripheral Nervous System

14. Autonomic Nervous System

15. Special Senses

16. Endocrine System

17. Blood

19. Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

20. Lymphatic System

21. Immune System

22. Respiratory System

23. Digestive System

24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System