15. Special Senses

The sound conduction pathway to the fluids of the internal ear

Ear -  Hearing

Hearing, Ear Anatomy & Auditory Transduction

Anatomy - Ear Overview

 The external ear consists of the auricle (pinna) and the external acoustic meatus (auditory canal). The tympanic membrane (eardrum) is the boundary between the external and middle ears. The tympanic cavity and the ossicles are found in the middle ear. The semicircular canals are in the internal ear.  

 Which of the following is/are a part of the <i>external</i> ear? 

How Do We Hear?

Mechanism of Hearing, Animation

 Ceruminous glands are modified sweat glands found in the outer ear. 

 Sebaceous glands are found in the outer ear. 

 Which of the following would NOT be found in the outer ear? 

Hearing - The Pathway of Sound up to the Oval Window

Hearing - Functions of Cochlea & Organ of Corti

 The stapedius and the tensor tympani muscles minimize the excessive vibration of the ossicles caused by loud noise. 

 connect the ossicles to the oval window 

 increase the vibration of the ossicles of the ear 

 protect the hearing receptors from loud sounds 

 increase the vibration of the tympanic membrane 

 The tiny skeletal muscles associated with the ossicles of the middle ear function to __________. 

 The receptor organs for hearing are housed in the cochlear duct. 

 The organ of Corti is found in the __________. 

 Dopamine is not involved with hearing in the inner ear. 

 Acetylcholine is not involved with hearing in the inner ear. 

 Norepinephrine is not involved with hearing in the inner ear. 

 Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved with hearing in the inner ear? 

Neuroscience: The Cochlea

Ascending Auditory Pathway

 Sound waves are propagated through the air. They then hit the tympanic membrane and cause it to vibrate. These vibrations are transmitted by the ossicles to fluids in the inner ear. The motion of the vibrating fluid then stimulates receptor cells in the spiral organ (<i>organ of Corti</i>). This sound-sensing organ then transmits signals to the primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe. 

 Place the following events in the order in which they occur during sound transmission.<ol type="1">	<li>Tympanic membrane vibrates.</li>	<li>Internal ear fluids are set in motion.</li>	<li>Hearing receptors are stimulated.</li>	<li>Ossicles of the ear vibrate.</li>	<li>Auditory cortex is stimulated.</li></ol> 

Hearing & Balance

Journey of Sound to the Brain

Learn the toughest concepts covered in Anatomy & Physiology 1&2 with step-by-step video tutorials and practice problems by world-class tutors



Anatomy & Physiology

https://static.studychannel-prd.pearsonprd.tech/courses/anp/thumbnails/anp

#FFFFFF

Armando Hasudungan

Tristan Charran

Neuroscientifically Challenged

Catalyst University

Neural Academy

Neuro Transmissions

Crash Course Anatomy & Physiology

Alila Medical Media

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

1. Introduction to A&P

2. Chemistry

3. Cells

4. Tissues

5. Integumentary System

6. Bones + Skeletal Tissues

7. Skeletal System

8. Joints

9. Muscles and Muscle Tissue

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous Tissue

12. Central Nervous System

13. Peripheral Nervous System

14. Autonomic Nervous System

16. Endocrine System

17. Blood

18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

19. Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

20. Lymphatic System

21. Immune System

22. Respiratory System

23. Digestive System

24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

27. Reproductive System

28. Pregnancy and Human Development

29. Heredity

undefined - Channels

Balance organs of the semicircular canals

Ear - Equilibrium

Taste

Structure and function of accessory eye structures

Causes and consequences of cataracts and glaucoma

Pathway of light through the eye to the retina

Causes and consequences of astigmatism, myopia, hyperopia, and presbyopia

The events that convert light into a neural signal

Roles of rods and cones in vision

Compare and contrast light and dark adaptation

Eye - Vision

Structure and general function of the ears

Describe sound transduction

Impulses traveling from the cochlea to the auditory cortex

Differentiate pitch and loudness

ANS Disorders

Causes and symptoms of otitis media

Ear - Abnormalities

Smell

Levels of ANS Control

General Chemistry

Jules

Study the key concepts of Physics with descriptive videos, questions, and more

Physics

Patrick

General Biology

Jason

Financial Accounting

Brian

Dive deep into Psychology with videos, practice problems, and more.

Psychology

Microeconomics

The first in a two-course sequence introduces the basic structure and functions of the human body

College Algebra covers algebraic topics and skills necessary to succeed in college-level math

College Algebra

Organic Chemistry

Johnny

Genetics

Kylia

GOB Chemistry

Microbiology

Cell Biology

Analytical Chemistry

Study topics incliding trogonometric functions, identities and equations, solutions of triangles, complex numbers, and other topics as time permits

Trigonometry

Learn the toughest concepts covered in Precalculus with step-by-step video tutorials and practice problems by world-class tutors

Precalculus

Biochemistry

Macroeconomics

Chemistry

Biology

Math

Business

Social Sciences

Michelle Barry Franco

Building Great Presentations

Eric Zackrison, PhD

Critical Thinking And Problem Solving

Sam Bennett

Embracing Times Of Uncertainty

Nicole Tetreault, PhD

Emotional Intelligence Basics

Eugene Choi, PharmD

Enhancing Your Critical Thinking Skills

Jason Richardson, PsyD

Habits To Win Every Day

Alyssa Lowery, PhD

Having Powerful Advanced Conversations

Don Gilman, EdD

How To Influence & Persuade

Amy Matthews

Leadership Skills For Rising Stars

Listening To Lead

Michael Shermer, PhD

Making Decisions Under Uncertainty

Lynne Hurdle

Mistakes To Avoid When Resolving Conflict

Michael Veltri

Overcoming Decision Making Traps

Mike Vardy

Prioritizing Effectively

Secrets Of Effective Prioritization

Strategies To Build Up Your Creativity

Tools For Decision Making

Tutti Taygerly

Unleash And Advance Your Creativity

Winning Collaboration: How To Work More Effectively With Different Personalities

Writing Emails People Want To Read

Critical Thinking

Self Management

Digital Literacy

Collaboration

Communication

Analytical Thinking

Leadership

Flexibility/Adaptability

Innovation

Eric Zackrison

Nicole Tetreault

Dive deep into Python with videos and more.

Introduction to Python

Arianne Dee

Agile Project and Product Management

Agile & Product Management

Mariya Breyther 

Introduction to Microsoft Power BI

Microsoft Power BI

Chris Sorensen

Data Analysis Fundamentals with Excel

Data Analysis - Excel

Chris Sorensen & Ammul Shergill

Getting Started with  and Cryptocurrency

Introduction to Blockchain

George Levy

Learn Enough HTML, CSS and Layout to be Dangerous

HTML, CSS & Layout

Lee Donahoe & Michael Hartl

Learn Enough JavaScript to be Dangerous: A Tutorial Introduction to Programming with JavaScript