22. Respiratory System

Carbon dioxide transport in blood

Gas Transport

 Just over 20% of carbon dioxide binds chemically to the amino acids of hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin. 

 Approximately 20% of carbon dioxide is transported in the blood as __________. 

Carbon Dioxide Transport

 The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is approximately 104 millimeters of mercury, which is about 35% less than that of the atmospheric PO2. 

 lower than the PO2 of systemic venous blood  

 much higher than the PO2 of systemic arterial blood  

 equal to the PO2 of systemic venous blood 

 approximately 104 millimeters of mercury 

 In the alveoli, the partial pressure of oxygen is __________. 

Oxygen - Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve - Physiology

The Bohr effect states that CO2 loading and lower pH enhance O2 release.

 partial pressures of carbon dioxide are lower 

 Hemoglobin has a tendency to release oxygen where __________. 

BioFlix Gas Exchange

Blood transports CO2 from the tissue cells to the lungs in three forms:<ol type="1">	<li>Dissolved in plasma (7–10%). The smallest amount of CO2 is transported simply dissolved in plasma.</li>	<li>Chemically bound to hemoglobin (just over 20%). In this form, dissolved CO2 is bound and carried in the RBCs as carbaminohemoglobin.</li>	<li>As bicarbonate ion in plasma (about 70%). Most carbon dioxide molecules entering the plasma quickly enter RBCs, where most of the reactions that prepare carbon dioxide for transport as bicarbonate ions in plasma occur.</li></ol>

Which form of CO2 transport accounts for the greatest amount of CO2 transported in blood?

 converted to bicarbonate ions and transported in plasma 

Seventy percent of CO2 is converted to bicarbonate ions and transported in plasma.

 Most of the carbon dioxide transported by the blood is __________. 

Oxygen Transport

Transport of Carbon Dioxide in Blood

Oxygen transport - methods and oxyhemoglobin

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1. Introduction to A&P

2. Chemistry

3. Cells

4. Tissues

5. Integumentary System

6. Bones + Skeletal Tissues

7. Skeletal System

8. Joints

9. Muscles and Muscle Tissue

10. Muscular System

11. Nervous Tissue

12. Central Nervous System

13. Peripheral Nervous System

14. Autonomic Nervous System

15. Special Senses

16. Endocrine System

17. Blood

18. Cardiovascular System: the Heart

19. Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

20. Lymphatic System

21. Immune System

23. Digestive System

24. Nutrition, Metabolism, Energy Balance

25. Urinary System

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

27. Reproductive System

28. Pregnancy and Human Development

29. Heredity

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Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma, tuberculosis, and lung cancer

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Partial vacuum in the intrapleural space

Boyle's law in inspiration and expiration

Respiratory muscles and lung elasticity

Factors influencing pulmonary ventilation

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Dalton's law of partial pressures and Henry's law

Atmospheric and alveolar air composition

Dalton's and Henry's laws in external and internal respiration

Gas Exchange

Nose, paranasal sinuses, and pharynx

Upper Respiratory System

Oxygen transport in blood

Oxygen loading and unloading

Conducting and respiratory zone structures

Larynx, trachea, and bronchi

Respiratory membrane

Organs of the respiratory passageways

Gross structure of the lungs and pleurae

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Neural controls of respiration

Respiratory rate and depth

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Breathing Rate and Depth

Lung volumes and capacities

Pulmonary function tests

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