Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy studies the structure of body parts, while physiology studies how those parts work.

Question 2

Which subdivision of gross anatomy would be most useful for a surgeon planning to remove a tumor from the liver?

Accepted Answer

Regional anatomy

Question 3

A patient presents with a stab wound to the thoracic cavity. Which organ is most likely to be affected?

Accepted Answer

Heart

Question 4

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

The body shivers to increase heat production when exposed to cold.

Question 5

Which feedback mechanism is responsible for amplifying labor contractions during childbirth?

Accepted Answer

Positive feedback

Question 6

Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Accepted Answer

Frontal (coronal) plane

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of potential energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

ATP molecules stored in muscle cells

Question 8

Which type of chemical bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 9

A solution has a pH of 3. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of H$$^+$$ ions.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes an enzyme's function in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy, speeding up the reaction.

Question 11

Which of the following molecules is most likely to be hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with acidosis. Which buffer system is most important in maintaining blood pH?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate buffer system

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Forming a peptide bond between two amino acids with the release of H$$_2O$$

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

It has an uneven distribution of charge due to differences in electronegativity.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the levels of protein structure?

Accepted Answer

Tertiary structure involves interactions between R groups to form a 3D shape.

Question 16

A patient with sickle cell anemia has a mutation in the hemoglobin gene. Which level of protein structure is directly affected by this mutation?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{pH} = -\log_{10}[\mathrm{H}^+]$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes denaturation of a protein?

Accepted Answer

Loss of secondary, tertiary, or quaternary structure due to environmental changes

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 20

A patient is given a solution with a pH of 8. What is the concentration of H$$^+$$ ions in the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$1 	imes 10$$^{-8}$$ M

A&P I Exam 1 Study Guide: The Human Body Orientation & Chemistry Comes Alive

Study Guide - Practice Questions