Question 1

Which structure is NOT part of the upper respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Trachea

Question 2

During inspiration, which muscle contracts to increase thoracic volume?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 3

A patient has an FEV1/FVC ratio of 60%. What does this most likely indicate?

Accepted Answer

Obstructive lung disease

Question 4

Which of the following best describes pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

Movement of air into and out of the lungs

Question 5

If a person’s vital capacity is 4.5 L and their tidal volume is 0.5 L, what is their inspiratory reserve volume if their expiratory reserve volume is 1.0 L?

Accepted Answer

$$IRV = VC - (TV + ERV) = 4.5\,L - (0.5\,L + 1.0\,L) = 3.0\,L$$

Question 6

Which respiratory volume is most affected in restrictive lung diseases?

Accepted Answer

Vital capacity

Question 7

During swallowing, which structure prevents food from entering the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Soft palate

Question 8

Which organ is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Question 9

Which process is primarily responsible for moving food through the digestive tract?

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Question 10

A patient has difficulty digesting fats. Which accessory organ is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Gallbladder

Question 11

Which of the following correctly matches the digestive organ with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine – water absorption

Question 12

Which term describes the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation?

Accepted Answer

Residual volume

Question 13

If a person’s FVC is 5.0 L and their FEV1 is 3.5 L, what is their FEV1/FVC ratio?

Accepted Answer

$$FEV1/FVC = \frac{3.5}{5.0} = 0.70$$

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Question 15

Which structure is the first to receive food after it is swallowed?

Accepted Answer

Esophagus

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why a person with obstructive lung disease has a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio?

Accepted Answer

Increased airway resistance

Question 17

Which digestive process occurs primarily in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical breakdown of food

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of the organs in the alimentary canal?

Accepted Answer

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 19

Which respiratory term refers to the exchange of gases between the alveoli and the blood?

Accepted Answer

External respiration

Question 20

A patient’s spirometry results show a normal FVC but a low FEV1. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Obstructive lung disease

Respiratory and Digestive System Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards