Which of the substances S8, CaCl2, SOCl2, NaF, CBr4, BrCl, LiF, a...

Question

Which of the substances S8, CaCl2, SOCl2, NaF, CBr4, BrCl, LiF, and AsH3 contain bonds that are:
(a) largely ionic? 
(b) nonpolar covalent? 
(c) polar covalent?

Accepted Answer

Hello. Everyone in this video. We're given all these molecules over here and we're trying to see if these molecules contain a polar non polar covalin or ionic bond. So how can sell for this? Is by using the electro negativity differences and we can go ahead and determine the type of bonds using those differences. So let's go ahead and recall that if we have electro negativity of less Then 0.4 and these are going to be covalin bonds. If we have electro negativity between 0.4 and 1.8, these are going to be our polar covalin bonds. And let's see if this number is this electro negativity is greater than 1.8. This will simply be a ionic bond. Alright, so starting off with our first molecule here, this will be P eight. We only have one to a bond and that's a um P two P bond. So like this so the delta stands for difference. And then the end is just short for electro negativity. So the difference in electron negativity Yes, well P has a value of 2.1 and subtracting from 2.1 the same. That's equal to zero. So this is going to be a non polar covalin bond. And these electro negativity values that I put for example here, it's either found in your textbook given to you by your professor, you can find this even online. These are just values that I have used. So next we go ahead and move to mg cl two. So magnesium has a value of three and chlorine has a value of 1.2. Or apologize chlorine has a value of three and magnesium has a value of 1.2. So 3 -1.2 gives us the difference equal to 1.8. This is then a ionic bond. Next we have P O C L. Three. So we have three different or two different bonds here we have our P 20 and 02 C. L. So we saw for the P 20 negativity difference. First So auction here has a value of 3. And phosphorus is the value of 2.12, -2.1 is equal to 1.4, Calculating the value or the electronic nativity difference of oxygen and chlorine. So oxygen has a value of 3.5 and chlorine has a value of three. So 3.5 -3 is then 0.5. So this whole molecule contains polar covalin bonds. Alright moving on to our 4th molecule here which is NAF. So flooring has a electro negativity value of 4.0 and sodium has a value of 0.9 taking the difference of those two, we get a value of 3.1. This is definitely a ionic bond. Then moving on to CBR four again we have one type of bond between the carbon and grooming. So Berman has a value of 2.8. While carbon has a value of 2.5. Taking the difference of those two, we get the electro negativity difference to be 0.3. This is a non polar covalin bond. Now we have B R F. So following again has a value of four and he has a value of 2.8. Difference of those two is equal to 1.2. This is a polar covalin bond. All right now moving on to K C. L. So chlorine has a value of 3.0 and potassium has a value of 0.8. And then subtracting those two, we get a value of 2.2. This is a ionic bond. Now, lastly we're valuing the electro negativity of NH three. Again we have just one volunteer that's between the nitrogen and hydrogen. So Nitrogen has a value of 3. and hygiene has a value of 2.2 difference of those two is 0.8. So we have a polar the lead bond. Alright, so then to kind of wrap this all up, we can see that for our non polar covalin bonds, It's going to be our P eight. So this here As well as our CPR four. Alright. Now for our polar equivalent bonds, we have our P O. C L three. This right here and we have our B R. F which is right here And we have our NH three and the rest would be our ionic bonds. So that's of course, MG cl two. Then we have our n a f, and lastly we have our k c l. So these right here is going to be our final answers for this problem.

Which of the substances S8, CaCl2, SOCl2, NaF, CBr4, BrCl, LiF, and AsH3 contain bonds that are: (a) largely ionic? (b) nonpolar covalent? (c) polar covalent?

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