17. Acid and Base Equilibrium

pH and pOH

Acids and Bases, pH and pOH

OI&#8722; < OCl&#8722; < OBr&#8722;

 The more electronegative the element bonded to oxygen in an oxyacid, the stronger the acid. 

OCI&#8722; < Ol&#8722; < OBr&#8722;

OCl&#8722; < OBr&#8722; < OI&#8722;

 Correct, Cl is more electronegative than Br and Br is more electronegative than  I. 

 For this to be true, electronegativity would not affect the strength of oxyacids. 

 The structure of the corresponding oxyacids makes the prediction possible. 

 Review the trends in strength of oxyacids and keep in mind the relation of the strength of an acid and its conjugate base. 

Rank the following in order of increasing base strength (weakest to strongest). OI&#8722;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;OCl&#8722;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;OBr&#8722;

Understanding the Auto-Ionization Reaction

pH of Strong Acids &amp

If the pH is less than 7 then the solution is acidic, if the pH is equal to 7 then the solution is neutral and if the pH is greater than 7 then the solution is basic.&#160;

If we know the pH or pOH concentration then we can determine the concentration of hydronium ions or hydroxide ions.&#160;

This pH would correspond to a 0.200 M solution of HCl.

 The concentration of HCl is too large to form a neutral solution. 

This would be the pOH of 0.200 M solution of HCl.

A strong acid ionizes completely; therefore, the concentration of the strong acid is equal to [H3O+].

 This would be the pOH if the stoichiometry of the dissociation reaction were 1:1. 

Each mole of Ba(OH)2 produces 2 moles of OH&#8722;.

 This would be the pH if the stoichiometry of the dissociation reaction were 1:1. 

Correct, each mole of Ba(OH)2 produces 2 moles of OH&#8722;.

Strong bases fully ionize. The [OH&#8722;] is related stoichiometrically to the concentration of the strong base.

What is the pH of a solution of 0.0350 M Ba(OH)2?

NaC2H3O2

 Correct, that acetate anion acts as a base. 

 This salt will form an acidic solution due to the cation that is present. 

 Check for a salt that has an anion derived from a weak acid. 

 Which of the following salts would produce a basic solution? 

Acids and Bases - Basic Introduction - Chemistry

pH and pOH: Crash Course Chemistry #30

Calculate the pH of 50.00 mL of 4.3 x 10-7&nbsp;M H2SO4.

16.4 pH Calculations for Strong Acids and Bases | General Chemistry

0.100 moles C6H5NH2

0.100 moles (CH3)2NH

Which of the following solutions will have the lowest concentration of hydronium ions?

The ionization product of Kw is used in this self-ionization equation and ignoring solids and liquids gives the&#160; equilibrium equation as:&#160;

pH stands for the negative logarithmic function of your hydronium concentration, whereas pOH stands for the negative logarithmic function of hydroxide concentration.&#160;

The pH Scale

If we have a <a href="https://www.clutchprep.com/chemistry/strong-acids-and-strong-bases">STRONG ACID&nbsp;or STRONG BASE</a> then we DO NOT use an ICE chart to find the pH of solution because the yield of H+ and OH – &nbsp;ions are known.&nbsp;

Pryridine, an organic molecule, is a very common weak base

 Correct, fewer "molecules" are ionized. 

 There is another figure in which there are fewer of the acid "molecules" ionized. 

 This image would represent the strongest acid. 

 The images do not show the same degree of ionization of the acid "molecules". 

 The extent of ionization is greater for a stronger acid; therefore, the weakest acid will be the least ionized. 

Which of the illustrations represents the weakest acid? <img src="https://media.pearsoncmg.com/ph/esm/esm_tro_chemistry_6/msa/content/practice-quiz/img/troama5_pq_c17q6.jpg" alt="Series of four boxes containing black and white spheres. In the boxes proceeding from left to right, respectively, the configuration of the spheres is: 5 cases in which the black and white spheres are connected to each other, one single black sphere and one single white sphere; 3 cases in which the black and white spheres are connected to each other, three single black spheres and three single white spheres; 4 cases in which the black and white spheres are connected to each other, two single black spheres and two single white spheres; 6 single black spheres and 6 single white spheres.">

What is the hydroxide ion and hydronium ion concentration of an aqueous solution that has a pH equal to 6.12

Determine the pH of a solution made by dissolving 6.1 g of sodium cyanide, NaCN, in enough water to make a 500.0 mL of solution. (MW of NaCN = 49.01 g/mol). The Ka value of HCN is 4.9 x 10-10.

For an basic solution the concentration of H3O+ is greater than the concentration of OH-.

The pH of a neutral aqueous solution is 7.00 at all temperatures.

An acidic solution under normal conditions has a pH value less than 7.00.

If the concentration of H3O+ decreases then the concentration of OH- will also decrease.

The pH of aqueous solutions is less than 7.

Which of the following statements about aqueous solutions is/are true?

Under normal conditions when the concentration is less than 1.0 M the pH scale is between 0 to 14. pH and pOH are connected by the following equation:&#160;

Calculating the pH of a Strong Acid and Strong Base

The pH and pOH connection

The pH and pOH of a compound helps to determine its acidity and basicity.&#160;

To determine the pH of a weak acid or weak base we must use an ICE Chart.&#160;

If we have a WEAK ACID or WEAK BASE then we DO use an ICE chart to find the pH of solution because the yield of H+ and OH &#8211; &#160;ions are unknown.&#160;

Understanding pH vs

An unknown weak base has an initial concentration of 0.750 M with a pH of 8.03. Calculate its equilibrium base constant

In a self-ionization reaction two water molecules react with one another, where one acts an acid and the other as a base.&#160;

 Check that the ratio is expressed as a percent. 

 Correct, the percent of the acid that is ionized is quite small for many weak acids. 

 This is the percent of the acid that is undissociated. 

 Be sure that you used the equation to determine percent ionization in your calculation. 

 Percent ionization is the ratio of concentration of the ionized acid to the initial concentration of the acid expressed as a percent. 

What is the percent ionization of 0.0550 M solution of HC2H3O2?

Determine the concentration of hydronium ions for a neutral solution at 25oC and at 50oC

What is the Kw of pure water at 20.0°C, if the pH is 7.083?

The pH Scale Example 2

Calculating the pH of a Weak Acid or Weak Base

The connection to Hydronium ion and Hydroxide ion concentrations

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1. Intro to General Chemistry

2. Atoms & Elements

3. Chemical Reactions

4. BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures

5. BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions

6. Chemical Quantities & Aqueous Reactions

7. Gases

8. Thermochemistry

9. Quantum Mechanics

10. Periodic Properties of the Elements

11. Bonding & Molecular Structure

12. Molecular Shapes & Valence Bond Theory

13. Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

14. Solutions

15. Chemical Kinetics

16. Chemical Equilibrium

18. Aqueous Equilibrium

19. Chemical Thermodynamics

20. Electrochemistry

21. Nuclear Chemistry

22. Organic Chemistry

23. Chemistry of the Nonmetals

24. Transition Metals and Coordination Compounds

[BOOK CHEM] Clutch Version

Ionic Salts

Polyprotic Acid

A&#160;polyprotic acid&#160;possesses more than 2 hydronium ions (H+).&#160;

Diprotic Acid

A diprotic acid&#160;is an acid that can donate two hydronium ions (H+).&#160;