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Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions
Chapter 2, Problem 109b

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (b) SeO32-

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Oxyanions

Oxyanions are negatively charged ions that contain oxygen and another element. They often form when an element from the periodic table combines with oxygen, resulting in a polyatomic ion. The naming convention for oxyanions typically involves the number of oxygen atoms present, with suffixes like '-ate' for more oxygen and '-ite' for fewer. Understanding the structure and naming of oxyanions is crucial for predicting the formulas of related ions.
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Polyatomic Oxyanions

Periodic Table Groups

Elements in the same group of the periodic table share similar chemical properties due to their similar valence electron configurations. This similarity extends to the types of ions they form, including oxyanions. For example, elements in Group 16, such as sulfur and selenium, often form oxyanions with similar structures and formulas, which helps in predicting the behavior of these elements in chemical reactions.
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Chemical Formula Representation

A chemical formula represents the composition of a compound or ion, indicating the types and numbers of atoms present. For oxyanions, the formula includes the central atom and the number of oxygen atoms, along with the overall charge of the ion. In the case of SeO3^2-, the formula indicates that selenium is bonded to three oxygen atoms and carries a -2 charge, which is essential for understanding its reactivity and interactions with other substances.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Fill in the blanks in the following table:

Cation Anion Formula Name

Lithium oxide

Fe2+ PO43-

Al2(SO4)3

Copper(II) nitrate

Cr3+ I

MnClO2

Ammonium carbonate

Zinc perchlorate

Complete the third column of the table.

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Textbook Question
Consider a sample of calcium carbonate in the form of a cube measuring 2.005 in. on each edge. If the sample has a density of 2.71 g>cm3, how many oxygen atoms does it contain?
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Textbook Question

Cyclopropane is an interesting hydrocarbon. Instead of having three carbons in a row, the three carbons form a ring, as shown in this perspective drawing (see Figure 2.18 for a prior example of this kind of drawing):

Cyclopropane was at one time used as an anesthetic, but its use was discontinued, in part because it is highly flammable. (b) The three carbon atoms are necessarily in a plane. What do the different wedges mean?

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Textbook Question

Elements in the same group of the periodic table often form oxyanions with the same general formula. The anions are also named in a similar fashion. Based on these observations, suggest a chemical formula or name, as appropriate, for each of the following ions: (d) hydrogen tellurate ion.

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Textbook Question

Many familiar substances have common, unsystematic names. For each of the following, give the correct systematic name: (d) muriatic acid, HCl

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Textbook Question

Because many ions and compounds have very similar names, there is great potential for confusing them. Write the correct chemical formulas to distinguish between (c) aluminum nitride and aluminum nitrite

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