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Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions
Chapter 3, Problem 10

Silver sulfide, the tarnish on silverware, comes from the reaction of silver metal with hydrogen sulfide (H2S).The unbalanced equation is: Ag + H2S + O2 --> Ag2S + H2O Unbalanced If the reaction was used intentionally to prepare Ag2S, how many grams would be formed from 496 g of Ag, 80.0 g of H2S, and excess O2 if the reaction takes place in 90% yield? (LO 3.9) (a) 525 g (b) 1139 g (c) 583 g (d) 1025

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between the reactants and products in a chemical reaction. It involves using balanced chemical equations to calculate the amounts of substances consumed and produced. Understanding stoichiometry is essential for determining how much product can be formed from given amounts of reactants, especially when yields are less than 100%.
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Molar Mass

Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It is calculated by summing the atomic masses of all atoms in a molecule. Knowing the molar mass of reactants and products is crucial for converting between grams and moles, which is necessary for stoichiometric calculations in chemical reactions.
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Percent Yield

Percent yield is a measure of the efficiency of a chemical reaction, calculated as the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, multiplied by 100. It indicates how much product was actually obtained compared to what was expected based on stoichiometric calculations. Understanding percent yield is important for evaluating the success of a reaction and for adjusting calculations when the yield is less than 100%.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
If 42.85 grams of salicylic acid reacts with excess acetic anhydride and produces 48.47 grams of aspirin, what is the percent yield of the reaction? (LO 3.6) (a) 88.40% (b) 64.69% (c) 86.72% (d) 78.74%
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Textbook Question
The diagram represents a mixture of AB2 and B2 before it reacts to form AB3. (Red spheres = A, blue spheres = B.) Which reactant is limiting, and how many AB3 molecules are formed? (LO 3.7)

(a) B2 is limiting, and 10 molecules of AB3 are formed. (b) B2 is limiting, and 4 molecules of AB3 are formed. (c) AB2 is limiting, and 6 molecules of AB3 are formed. (d) AB2 is limiting, and 4 molecules of AB3 are formed
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Textbook Question
If 2.00 moles of nitrogen and 5.50 moles of hydrogen are placed in a reaction vessel and react to form ammonia, what is the theoretical yield of ammonia (NH3)? (LO 3.8) N2(g) + 3 H2(g) --> 2 NH3(g) (a) 31.2 g (b) 62.3 g (c) 93.7 g (d) 34.1
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Textbook Question
What is the percent composition by mass of Mn in potas-sium permanganate, KMnO4? (LO 3.10) (a) 22.6% (b) 34.8% (c) 49.9% (d) 54.9%
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Textbook Question

Dimethylhydrazine, a colorless liquid used as a rocket fuel, is 40.0% C, 13.3% H, and 46.7% N. What is the empirical formula? (LO 3.11) (a) CH4N9 (b) CH2N (c) C2H4N (d) C2H5N2

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Textbook Question
Lactic acid forms in muscle tissue after strenuous exercise. Elemental analysis shows that lactic acid is 40.0% carbon, 6.71% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass. If the molec-ular weight of lactic acid is 90.08, what is the molecular for-mula? (LO 3.11) (a) CH2O (b) C3H6O3 (c) C4H8O4 (d) C4H10O2
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