In the following reactions, (i) identify the acid and base, (ii) ...

Question

In the following reactions, (i) identify the acid and base, (ii) identify the most electron-rich atom in the base, (iii) identify the most acidic hydrogen in the acid, (c)

Accepted Answer

Hey everyone. And welcome back, consider the below given reaction and answer each of the following questions. A which reactant is the acid? And which one is the base? B, which one is the most acidic proton in the acid? And see which is the most electron rich atom in the base. We're given a reaction between ethanolate and acetic acid. So we can easily answer the first question, which reactant is the acid. So the acid is acetic asset just as the name implies. Now, for the base, that means the remaining structure which is ethanolate is the base. Now, from the other perspective, even if we're not given the actual name, we have our reasoning. Now, acid is a proton donor, right? And base is a protein acceptor based on the bronze theory. In this case, the reason why ethanol is the base is because there's a negative charge on oxygen. And therefore it has an excess of lone pairs that can be used in the formation of the oxygen hydrogen bond. While for acetic acid, it has a proton which is bonded to an electron negative oxygen so that the wage bond is polarized and it is quiet simple for us to release that proton into a solution. So that's the reason now moving on to B which is the most acidic proton in the acid. As we discussed, whenever we have a carboxylic acid group, coo h the most acidic proton is the one that is bonded to the oxygen atom within the carboxyl group. That's because oxygen is much more electron. So the bond becomes polarized. And in addition to that the electrons flow towards the oxygen within the carbon group, which is electron withdrawing. So the O H bond becomes strongly polarized. And that means the hydrogen atom that is bonded to an electron negative atom is the most acidic. So for b we're going to state that the most acidic proton is the one bonded to the carboxy group well done. And finally see which is the most electron rich atom in the base. It a is the base because we have three lone pairs and a negative charge. The most electron rich atom is the one that has the greatest number of lone pairs. And that's oxygen. So we're going to state oxygen is the most selection rich Adam in the base. And for a complete picture, let's actually think about the products of that reaction. So we can see an acid based reaction in action and understand how the proton transfer takes place. So specifically, we want to draw ethanolate and acetic acid. But for acetic acid, we're going to expand our oxygen hydrogen bond. Now, the pair and oxygen will be used in the formation of the O H bond. So there's a protein capture and then we are breaking the O H bond within the acid. So we get two products. One of them is ethanol because oxygen captures the proton. And the other one is the acetate and ion because instead of having the bond, the two electrons have been transferred onto oxygen in a form of a lone pair, if we wish, we can also add the missing loan pairs. So there will be two for ethanol because one of them has been used in the formation of the O H bond. And there would be 34 acid because we have broken the O H bond and the two electrons from there have been transferred onto oxygen in the form of a lone pair. Now, going back to the questions for a, the acid is acetic acid and the base is ethanolate for b the most acidic proton in the acid is bonded to the carboxy group. And for c the most selection rich atom in the base is oxygen because it has the greatest number of lone pairs. Thank you for watching.

In the following reactions, (i) identify the acid and base, (ii) identify the most electron-rich atom in the base, (iii) identify the most acidic hydrogen in the acid, (c)

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