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Visual Anatomy definitions

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  • Cornea
    Outermost eye layer that shields against debris and bends incoming light to aid initial focusing.
  • Pupil
    Central eye opening that determines the amount of light entering the interior structures.
  • Iris
    Colored ring with muscles that adjust the pupil's size, regulating light entry.
  • Lens
    Transparent structure behind the pupil that alters shape to focus images at varying distances.
  • Accommodation
    Process involving lens shape change, enabling clear focus on objects at different distances.
  • Retina
    Neural tissue lining the eye's back, housing light-sensitive cells that initiate visual signals.
  • Rods
    Peripheral, rod-shaped cells enabling monochromatic vision in dim environments; highly numerous.
  • Cones
    Cone-shaped cells concentrated centrally, responsible for color vision and high acuity in bright light.
  • Fovea
    Central retinal region densely packed with cones, providing the sharpest visual detail.
  • Optic Nerve
    Bundle transmitting visual information from retinal cells to the brain for processing.
  • Blind Spot
    Retinal area lacking receptors where the optic nerve exits, resulting in an unnoticed visual gap.
  • Photosensitive Cells
    Specialized retinal elements, including rods and cones, that convert light into neural signals.
  • Visual Acuity
    Degree of sharpness and detail discernible in vision, maximized at the fovea.
  • Periphery
    Outer retinal region where rods are abundant, supporting vision in low-light conditions.