Tailoring language learning for diverse needs with the GSE

Professional English teachers love lesson planning. They can always teach a class using their full wardrobe of methods, techniques and games, but a detailed plan means they can deliver a richer and more modern lesson – after all, a teacher usually plans using their full potential.

Whenever I observe a teacher in their classroom, I try to outline a sketch of their English lesson plan according to what is going on. I am careful to observe any "magic moments" and deviations from the written plan and note them down separately. Some teachers seize these magic moments; others do not. Some teachers prepare a thorough lesson plan; others are happy with a basic to-do list. There are also teachers who have yet to believe the miracles a lesson plan could produce for them, and therefore their sketch does not live up to expectations.

The "language chunks" mission

After each classroom observation, I'll have a briefing meeting with the English teacher. If the observation takes place in another city and we cannot arrange another face-to-face meeting, we'll instead go online and discuss. At this point, I'll elicit more about the teacher's lesson plan and see to what extent I have been an accurate observer.

I have found that Language Inspection is the most frequent gap in lesson planning by Iranian teachers. Most of them fully know what type of class they will teach, they'll set SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Timely) objectives, consider the probable challenges, prepare high-quality material, break the language systems into chunks and artistically engineer the lesson. Yet, they often do not consider how those language chunks will perform within a set class time – and their mission fails.

The Language Inspection stage asks a teacher to go a bit further with their lesson planning and look at the level of difficulty of various pieces of content in the lesson. Is there enough balance so that students can successfully meet the lesson objectives? If the grammar, vocabulary and skills are all above a student's ability, then the lesson will be too complex. Language Inspection allows a thoughtful teacher to closely align the objective with the difficulty of the grammar, vocabulary and skill. Like a train running along a fixed track, Language Inspection can help make sure that our lessons run smoothly.

Lesson planning made easy with the GSE Teacher Toolkit

If a lesson consists of some or many language chunks, those are the vocabulary, grammar and learning objectives we expect to become learning outcomes by the end of the class or course. While Language Analysis in a lesson plan reveals the vocabulary, grammar and learning objectives, in Language Inspection each chunk is examined to determine what they really do, how they can be presented, and – more importantly – to assess the learning outcomes required.

The Global Scale of English (GSE) Teacher Toolkit can be a teacher's faithful lesson-planning companion, especially when it comes to Language Inspection. It's simple to use, yet modern and exciting. It is detailed and delivers everything you need.

To use it, all you need is an internet connection on your mobile phone, tablet, laptop or PC. Launch the GSE Teacher Toolkit and you'll have the ability to delve into the heart of your lesson. You'll be able to identify any gaps in a lesson – much like seeing the gap between a train and a platform's edge.

Ask yourself questions such as:

• Does this grammar form belong in this lesson?
• Do I need to include some vocabulary to fill this gap?
• Is it time to move forward because my students are mastering this skill earlier than expected?

The GSE Teacher Toolkit gives you the ability to assess your lesson for these gaps – whether small or large – in your teaching. By doing this, you can plan thoughtfully and clearly to better support your students. It really is an opportunity to "mind the gap" in your English lesson planning. 

As demand for flexible English language testing grows, so do the concerns around security. A common question from institutions, governments and agents is: Are remote tests easier to cheat on? 

The short answer is: not when they have been designed properly. 

PTE Express has been built with a multi-layered security framework that often exceeds traditional test center controls. It ensures test security with AI proctoring, identity verification and advanced monitoring. Candidates are continuously monitored throughout their test session with facial recognition, behavior analysis and environment scanning to detect suspicious activity.

In addition, secure browser technology prevents candidates from opening other tabs, accessing external content or communicating with others during the test period. This creates a controlled testing environment, even outside a physical test center. 

What makes this particularly important for institutions is the ability to scale without compromise. With international student flows becoming more diverse, universities and governments need a testing solution that maintains rigor while reaching students globally. 

Another advantage is traceability. Every test session generates a detailed audit trail, allowing suspicious cases to be flagged, reviewed and investigated. This level of data-driven oversight is often more comprehensive than what is possible in crowded test centers. 

For agents, this translates into confidence when advising students. For admissions teams, it means maintaining trust in test scores without adding an administrative burden or worry.  

The first class with a new group of young learners can be a nerve-wracking experience for teachers, old and new. Many of us spend the night before thinking about how to make a positive start to the year, with a mixture of nerves, excitement and a desire to get started. However, sometimes things don’t always go as expected, and it is important to set a few ground rules in those early lessons to ensure a positive classroom experience for all, throughout the academic year.

Let’s look at a few common problems that can come up, and how best to deal with them at the start of the school year.

1. Students are not ready to start the class

How the first few minutes of the class are spent can greatly influence how the lesson goes. Students can be slow to get out their equipment and this can cause a lot of time wasting. To discourage this, start lessons with a timed challenge.

• Tell students what you want them to do when they come into class, for example, sit down, take out their books and pencil cases, and sit quietly, ready for the lesson to start.
• Time how long it takes for everyone to do this and make a note. Each day do the same.
• Challenge students to do this faster every day. You could provide a goal and offer a prize at the end of the trimester if they reach it, for example, be ready in less than a minute every day.

2. Students speak their first language (L1) in class

One of primary teachers' most common classroom management issues is getting them to speak English. However, young learners may need to speak their mother tongue occasionally and a complete ban on L1 is often not the best solution. But how can we encourage students to use English wherever possible?

Tell students they have to ask permission to speak in L1, if they really need to.

Three word rule — tell students that they can use a maximum of three words in L1 if they don’t know them in English.

Write ENGLISH on the board in large letters. Each time someone speaks in L1, erase a letter. Tell students each letter represents time (for example, 1 minute) to play a game or do another fun activity at the end of the lesson. If the whole word remains, they can choose a game.

3. Students don’t get on with each other

It is only natural that students will want to sit with their friends, but it is important that students learn to work with different people. Most students will react reasonably if asked to work with someone new, but occasionally conflicts can arise. To help avoid uncomfortable situations, do team-building activities at the beginning of the school year, and do them again whenever you feel that they would be beneficial. For example: 

• Give students an icebreaker activity such as "find a friend bingo" to help students find out more about each other.
• Help students learn more about each other by finding out what they have in common.
• Balloon race. Have two or more teams with an equal number of students stand in lines. Give each team a balloon to pass to the next student without using their hands. The first team to pass the balloon to the end of the line wins.
• Team letter/word building. Call out a letter of the alphabet and have pairs of students form it with their bodies, lying on the floor. When students can do this easily, call out short words, for example "cat" and have the pairs join up (in this instance, three pairs = group of six) and form the letters to make the word.

4. Students don’t know what to do

When the instructions are given in English, there will inevitably be a few students who don’t understand what they have to do. It is essential to give clear, concise instructions and to model the activity before you ask students to start. To check students know what to do and clarify any problems:

• Have one or more students demonstrate using an example.
• Have one student explain the task in L1.
• Monitor the task closely in the first few minutes and check that individual students are on the right track.

5. A student refuses to participate/do the task

This is a frequent problem that can have many different causes. In the first few lessons, this may simply be shyness, but it is important to identify the cause early to devise an effective strategy. A few other causes might include:

• Lack of language required to respond or do the task. Provide differentiation tasks or scaffolding to help students with a lower level complete the task or have them respond in a non-oral way.
• Low self-confidence in their ability to speak English. Again, differentiation and scaffolding can help here. Have students work in small groups or pairs first, before being asked to speak in front of the whole class.
• Lack of interest or engagement in the topic. If students aren’t interested, they won’t have anything to say. Adapt the topic or task, or just move on.
• External issues, such as a bad day, a fight with a friend or physical problems (for example, tiredness, hunger or thirst). Talk to the student privately to find out if they are experiencing any problems. Allow them to "pass" on a task if necessary, and give them something less challenging to do.

It is important not to force students to do something they don’t want to do, as this will cause a negative atmosphere and can affect the whole class. Ultimately, if a student skips one or two tasks, it won’t affect their achievement in the long run.

6. Students ask for repeated restroom or water breaks

It only takes one student to ask to go to the restroom before the whole class suddenly needs to go. This can cause disruption and stop the flow of the lesson. To avoid this, make sure you have rules in place concerning restroom breaks:

• Make sure students know to go to the restroom before the lesson.
• Have students bring in their own water bottles. You can provide a space for them to keep their bottles (label them with student names) in the classroom and have students fill them daily at the drinking fountain or faucet.
• Find out if anyone has any special requirements that may require going to the restroom.
• Provide 'brain breaks' at strategic points in the lesson when you see students becoming restless.

7. Students don’t have the required materials

Provide parents with a list of materials students will need on the first day.

• If special materials are required in a lesson, give students a note to take home or post a message on the school platform several days before.
• Don’t blame the student - whether they have a good reason or not for turning up to class empty-handed, making a child feel guilty will not help.
• Write a note for parents explaining why bringing materials to class is important.

8. Students are not listening/talking

Getting their attention can be challenging if you have a boisterous class. Set up a signal you will use when you want them to pay attention to you. When they hear or see the signal, students should stop what they are doing and look at you. Some common signals are:

Raising your hand – When students see you raise your hand, they should raise their hands and stop talking. Wait until everyone is sitting in silence with their hands raised. This works well with older children and teenagers.

Call and response attention-getters – These are short phrases that prompt students to respond in a certain way, for example: Teacher: "1 2 3, eyes on me!" Students: "1 2 3, eyes on you!". Introduce a new attention-getter every few weeks to keep it fun. You can even have your students think up their own phrases to use.

Countdowns – Tell students what you want them to do and count backwards from ten to zero, for example: "When I get to zero, I need you all to be quiet and look at me. 10, 9, 8 …".

Keep your voice low and speak calmly – This will encourage students to stop talking and bring down excitement levels.

A short song or clapping rhythm – With younger children, it is effective to use music or songs for transitions between lesson stages so they know what to do at each stage. For primary-aged children, clap out a rhythm.