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Introduction to Membrane Transport quiz

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  • What role do root hairs play in the absorption and transport of water and minerals?
    Root hairs increase the surface area of roots, enhancing the absorption of water and minerals from the soil.
  • Which medication administration route has the slowest rate of absorption?
    Oral
  • What is a function of transverse tubules in muscle cells?
    Transverse tubules help transmit the action potential deep into the muscle cell, facilitating contraction.
  • Why are ion channels necessary to transport ions into or out of a cell?
    Ion channels are necessary because ions are charged and cannot freely diffuse across the hydrophobic lipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
  • What is a true function or characteristic of the glycocalyx?
    It is involved in cell recognition.
  • What substances does plasma transport in the blood?
    Oxygen, nutrients, and hormones.
  • Which drug route involves placing a tablet under the tongue?
    Sublingual administration
  • How does the malachite green stain enter an endospore?
    Malachite green penetrates the endospore through heat, which allows the dye to enter and stain the spore.
  • In which directions can phloem sap flow?
    Both upward and downward
  • What are the purposes of administering hypertonic IV solutions? Select all that apply. A) To reduce edema B) To increase blood pressure C) To hydrate cells D) To decrease blood volume
    A) To reduce edema, B) To increase blood pressure
  • How do gated channels function in membrane transport?
    Gated channels open or close in response to specific stimuli, allowing selective passage of ions or molecules across the membrane.
  • Which type of membrane lines body tracts that open to the exterior environment?
    Mucous membranes
  • Where are envelope proteins synthesized?
    They are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum
  • What property of steroid hormones allows them to cross the phospholipid bilayer?
    Steroid hormones are nonpolar and hydrophobic, allowing them to freely diffuse across the phospholipid bilayer.
  • What powers the sodium-glucose symporter?
    The sodium-glucose symporter is powered by the sodium gradient created by the sodium-potassium pump.
  • What is the term that describes the pressure of cytoplasm pushing out against the cell membrane?
    Turgor pressure
  • Which subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein binds GTP?
    The alpha subunit
  • Which viral receptor is involved in HIV attachment to the host cell?
    CD4 receptor
  • How should a nurse prepare a suspension before administration?
    A nurse should shake the suspension well to ensure even distribution of the particles before administration.
  • What process permits absorption of glucose into cells?
    Facilitated diffusion via glucose transporters
  • Where can the site for the binding of regulatory proteins be found?
    The site for the binding of regulatory proteins can be found on the cell membrane or within the cell, depending on the protein's function.