Ions - Sodium and Potassium definitions Flashcards
Ions - Sodium and Potassium definitions
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Electrochemical Gradient A force combining electrical and concentration gradients, influencing ion movement across cell membranes. Electrical Gradient A force causing ions to move toward areas of opposite charge, based on the principle that opposites attract. Concentration Gradient A force driving ions from high to low concentration areas, influencing the rate of ion diffusion. Sodium-Potassium Pump An ATP-consuming pump that ejects 3 sodium ions and imports 2 potassium ions, moving them against their gradients. ATP A molecule providing energy for active transport processes like the sodium-potassium pump. Neuron A cell type where sodium and potassium ion concentrations are crucial for resting and active states. Cytosol The negatively charged fluid inside a cell where potassium ions are typically more concentrated. Extracellular Fluid The positively charged fluid outside a cell where sodium ions are typically more concentrated. Leak Channel A channel allowing ions to move freely across the cell membrane, contributing to resting ion distribution. Active Transport A process moving ions against their electrochemical gradients using energy from ATP. Resting State A condition where a neuron is not transmitting signals, with specific ion concentration distributions. Diffusion The passive movement of ions from high to low concentration areas, driven by concentration gradients. Potassium Ion A positively charged ion with higher intracellular concentration, moving via concentration and electrical gradients. Sodium Ion A positively charged ion with higher extracellular concentration, moving via concentration and electrical gradients. Chemical Gradient Another term for concentration gradient, emphasizing ion movement from high to low concentration areas.
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