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A&P 2 exam review 1

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  • Which special sense receptors are dendrites and which are specialized receptor cells?

    Dendrites: Olfactory (smell)

    Specialized: Vision, hearing, equilibrium, taste.

  • How do dendrites and specialized cells signal differently?

    Dendrites: The sensory neuron itself detects the stimulus and fires the signal

    Specialized: The receptor cells detect the stimulus and relay the signal to the neurons.

  • What are the 3 semicircular ducts each ear has?

    And what do they do?

    Anterior, posterior, lateral

    Semicircular ducts detect angular (rotational) head movements. 

  • What do receptors in vestibule respond to?

    Contains the maculae with hair cells.

    Respond to: Linear acceleration and head position relative to gravity. (moving up/down, forward/backward, tilting your head). 

  • What do receptors in the semicircular ducts respond to?

    Contain the cristae ampullae's in the ampullae. Respond to: Rotational (angular) movements of the head (e.g., shaking your head “no,” spinning, turning).

  • What do receptors in the cochlear duct respond to?

    Contains the organ of Corti with hair cells. Respond to: Sound vibrations (hearing). 

  • What is the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum?

    380nm to 700nm

  • Describe the gustatory pathway from the receptors to the primary sensory cortex.

    Taste receptor cells → Cranial nerves (VII, IX, X) → Medulla (solitary nucleus) → Thalamus → Primary gustatory cortex

  • What is the pathway of auditory signals from the ear to the brain?

    Sound waves → Outer ear → Middle ear bones → Cochlea (hair cells) → Auditory nerve → Brainstem → Thalamus → Primary auditory cortex