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actions insertions and origins

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  • brachialis

    action: flexes the elbow (prime mover)

    origins: distal half of the diaphysis of the anterior humerus

    insertions: coronoid process of ulna

  • brachioradialis

    action: flexxes the elbow (synergist)

    origin: ridge above the lateral condyle of the distal humerus

    insertion:

    distal radius above styloid process

  • deltoid

    action: abducts the arm, secondarily flexes and extends ar,

    origin: acromion and spine of scapula: lateral clavical

    insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

  • extensor digitorum

    action: extends fingers and wrist

    origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus

    insertion: posterior phalanges of fingers 2-5

  • external intercostals

    action: elevates the rib cage, spreading the ribs, assisting inspiration

    origin: lower edge of ribs superior to its insertion

    insertion: upper edge of rib

  • internal intercostals

    actions: depresses the rib cage pulling ribs closer together, assisting expiration

    origin: upper edge of rib

    insertion: lower edge of rib superior to its origin, deep to the insertion of the external intercostals

  • frontalis

    action: raises eyebrows, wrinkles skin of forehead horizontally

    origin: epicranial aponeurosis

    insertion: skin of eyebrows

  • masseter

    action: elevates the mandible

    origin: zygomatic arch

    insertion: angle and lateral surface of ramus of a mandible

  • temporalis

    action: elevates and retracts the mandible

    origin: lateral surface of skull

    insertion: coronoid process of the mandible

  • zygomaticus major

    action: pulls the angle of the mouth superiorly and laterally (smiling or laughing)

    origin: zygomatic

    insertion: lateral muscle fibers of corner angle of mouth

  • pronator teres

    action: pronates forearm (palm posterior)

    origin: medial epicondyle of humerus coronoid process of ulna

    insertion: lateral surface pf radius

  • rectus abdominis

    action: flexes the trunk, with the vertebral column fixes compresses abdominal cavity

    origin: superior aspect of pubic bones

    insertion: costal cartilages of lower ribs

  • rhomboid major

    action: retracts scapula

    origin: spinous processes pf T2-T5 (major)

    insertion: medial border of scapula

  • risorius

    action: pulls the angle of the mouth laterally to make a closed mouth smile

    origin: connective tissue anterior to ear

    insertion: modiolus

  • serratus anterior

    action: prime mover of scapula in protraction assists in upward rotation of scapula

    origin: first 9 ribs

    insertion: medial border of scapula

  • sternocleidomastoid

    action: together flexes head (chin moves toward chest) individually flex and rotate the head toward opposite side, accessory muscle of respiration

    origin: manubrium of sternum, medial portion of clavical

    insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone

  • trapezius

    action: (superior section) elevates the scapula rotates scapula upward in collaboration with inferior portion extends head. ( middle / inferior) retracts and depresses the scapula, rotates scapula upward in collaboration with upper fibers

    origin: external occipital protuberance and cervical vertebr

  • triceps brachii

    Action: extends the elbow

    origin: infraglenoid tubercle (long head) posterior proximal diaphysis (lateral head) most of posterior diaphysis (medial head)

    insertion: olecranon process