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Anatomy & Physiology: Body Organization and Anatomical Terminology

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What is the standard anatomical position?

    Standing erect, facing forward, eyes forward, upper limbs at sides with thumbs away from midline, and toes pointing forward.

  • List the levels of body organization from smallest to largest.

    Atoms > Molecules > Cellular > Tissue > Organ > Organ system > Organism.

  • What is the plural form of 'villus'?

    Villi is the plural of villus.

  • Define 'proximal' and 'distal' in anatomical terms.

    Proximal: closer to the origin of a structure; Distal: farther from the origin.

  • Name the three main anatomical planes.

    Sagittal (midsagittal and parasagittal), Frontal (anterior and posterior), and Transverse (superior and inferior).

  • What are the four abdominal quadrants?

    Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ).

  • Which body cavity contains the brain?

    The cranial cavity contains the brain.

  • Which body cavity contains the spinal cord?

    The vertebral cavity contains the spinal cord.

  • What is the plural form of 'ganglion'?

    Ganglia is the plural of ganglion.

  • Name the 11 major organ systems of the human body.

    Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Circulatory, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Urinary, Digestive, Reproductive (male and female).

  • What is the difference between midsagittal and parasagittal planes?

    Midsagittal divides the body into equal left and right halves; Parasagittal divides the body into unequal left and right parts.

  • Which anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior parts?

    The frontal (coronal) plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.

  • What are the major regional divisions of the body?

    Head and neck, trunk, upper limb, and lower limb.

  • Which organ is superior to the stomach?

    The liver is superior to the stomach.

  • Name the major body cavities.

    Cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominal, and pelvic cavities.

  • What is the plural form of 'pleura'?

    Pleurae is the plural of pleura.

  • What is the plural form of 'septum'?

    Septa is the plural of septum.

  • What imaging techniques are commonly used in anatomy?

    X-ray, CT, MRI, Angiography, PET, and combined CT-PET scans.

  • What is the function of the integumentary system?

    Protection, temperature regulation, and sensation.

  • What does 'medial' and 'lateral' mean in anatomical terms?

    Medial: toward the midline; Lateral: away from the midline.