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Anatomy & Physiology: Cardiovascular System Basics

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Terms in this set (25)

  • What are the main types of blood vessels?

    Arteries, veins, and capillaries are the main types of blood vessels.

  • What is the primary function of arteries?

    Arteries carry blood away from the heart to the body tissues.

  • What is the role of veins in blood circulation?

    Veins carry blood back to the heart from the body tissues.

  • What is the function of capillaries?

    Capillaries facilitate exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues. They're also the smallest blood vessels.

  • Name the four chambers of the heart.

    The heart has two atria (right and left) and two ventricles (right and left).

  • What is the function of the atria in the heart?

    Atria receive blood returning to the heart and pump it into the ventricles.

  • What is the function of the ventricles?

    Ventricles pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or the rest of the body.

  • What is the role of the aorta?

    The aorta is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body.

  • What is the pulmonary valve's function?

    The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary artery toward the lungs.

  • What is the function of heart valves in general?

    Heart valves ensure one-way blood flow through the heart chambers and prevent backflow.

  • Name the four main heart valves.

    The tricuspid, pulmonary, mitral, and aortic valves.

  • Where is the tricuspid valve located?

    Between the right atrium and right ventricle.

  • Where is the mitral valve located?

    Between the left atrium and left ventricle.

  • What is the pathway of blood through the heart starting from the right atrium?

    Right atrium → tricuspid valve → right ventricle → pulmonary valve → pulmonary artery → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium → mitral valve → left ventricle → aortic valve → aorta.

  • What type of blood does the pulmonary artery carry?

    The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs.

  • What type of blood does the pulmonary vein carry?

    The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.

  • What is the significance of the aortic valve?

    The aortic valve controls blood flow from the left ventricle into the aorta.

  • How is blood distributed in the body via blood vessels?

    Blood is pumped from the heart through arteries, reaches tissues via capillaries, and returns through veins.

  • What prevents backflow of blood in veins?

    Venous valves prevent backflow and help maintain unidirectional blood flow toward the heart.

  • What is the role of the heart in blood distribution?

    The heart acts as a pump that maintains blood circulation through the vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients.

  • Aneursym

    Local blood pressure exceeds the capacity of the elastic arterial walls.

    • Prone to bursting

  • Ateriosclerosis

    Hardening and thickening of the arterial wall.

  • Atherosclerosis

    a disease where sticky deposits called plaque build up inside the arteries.

  • Systole

    Heart Chambers contracting; blood being forced out.

  • Diastole

    Heart chambers relaxing; blood being drawn in.