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Anatomy & Physiology Core Concepts

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the 11 body systems?
    • Integumentary
    • Skeletal
    • Muscular
    • Nervous
    • Endocrine
    • Cardiovascular
    • Lymphatic/Immune
    • Respiratory
    • Digestive
    • Urinary
    • Reproductive
  • What is Anatomy?
    Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts. Examples include dissection and imaging techniques like X-rays.
  • What is Physiology?
    Physiology is the study of how the body and its parts function. Examples include studying organ function and cellular processes.
  • How are Anatomy and Physiology related?
    Anatomy describes the structure of body parts, while Physiology explains how those parts work and function together.
  • What are the levels of organization in living things, in order?
    Chemical → Cellular → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism
  • What are the 8 necessary life functions?
    • Maintaining boundaries
    • Movement
    • Responsiveness
    • Digestion
    • Metabolism
    • Excretion
    • Reproduction
    • Growth
  • What are the 5 essential life needs?
    • Nutrients
    • Oxygen
    • Water
    • Normal body temperature
    • Appropriate atmospheric pressure
  • Name the major parts of the Integumentary system.
    Skin, hair, nails, and sweat glands.
  • What is the main function of the Skeletal system?
    Provides support, protection, and produces blood cells.
  • What does the Muscular system do?
    Allows movement, maintains posture, and produces heat.
  • What is the role of the Nervous system?
    Controls body activities with electrical signals and processes information.
  • What does the Endocrine system regulate?
    Secretes hormones that regulate growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
  • What is the function of the Cardiovascular system?
    Transports blood, nutrients, gases, and wastes throughout the body.
  • What does the Lymphatic/Immune system do?
    Returns fluid to blood, defends against infection, and supports immunity.
  • What is the main function of the Respiratory system?
    Supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.
  • What does the Digestive system do?
    Breaks down food for absorption and eliminates solid waste.
  • What is the role of the Urinary system?
    Removes nitrogenous wastes and maintains water and electrolyte balance.
  • What is the function of the Reproductive system?
    Produces offspring and sex hormones.
  • What does 'maintaining boundaries' mean in life functions?
    Keeping internal environment distinct from external, e.g., skin protects the body.
  • Why is metabolism necessary for life?
    It includes all chemical reactions that produce energy and build or break down molecules.