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Anatomy & Physiology: Integumentary System

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What type of epithelium composes the epidermis?
    The epidermis is made of stratified squamous epithelium that is keratinized.
  • Name the layers of the epidermis from outermost to innermost.
    Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum (only in thick skin), Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Basale.
  • Which epidermal layer contains epidermal ridges in thick skin?
    The Stratum Corneum contains epidermal ridges in thick skin.
  • In which layer of the epidermis is the Stratum Lucidum found?
    The Stratum Lucidum is found only in thick skin.
  • What cells are found in the Stratum Spinosum?
    The Stratum Spinosum contains Langerhans (epidermal dendritic) cells.
  • Which cells are located in the Stratum Basale?
    The Stratum Basale contains melanocytes and keratinocytes.
  • What is the function of melanocytes in the epidermis?
    Melanocytes produce melanin, which protects against UV radiation.
  • What type of tissue composes the dermis?
    The dermis is made of connective tissue and has two layers: papillary and reticular.
  • Describe the papillary layer of the dermis.
    The papillary layer is made of loose areolar connective tissue and contains dermal papillae.
  • What characterizes the reticular layer of the dermis?
    The reticular layer is composed of dense irregular connective tissue.
  • What is the hypodermis composed of?
    The hypodermis consists mainly of adipose connective tissue.
  • Name three sensory receptors found in the skin.
    Meissner’s corpuscle, Pacinian corpuscle, and Merkel (tactile) cells.
  • What is the role of Meissner’s corpuscles?
    Meissner’s corpuscles detect light touch sensations.
  • What do Pacinian corpuscles detect?
    Pacinian corpuscles detect deep pressure and vibration.
  • What type of gland is the sebaceous gland?
    The sebaceous gland is an oil gland that lubricates skin and hair.
  • What is the function of eccrine sweat glands?
    Eccrine glands produce sweat for thermoregulation.
  • List the main parts of a hair follicle.
    Hair follicle, shaft, root, hair papilla, and arrector pili muscle.
  • What is the function of the arrector pili muscle?
    The arrector pili muscle causes hair to stand up, producing 'goosebumps'.
  • Name the parts of a nail.
    Root, bed, matrix, lunula, and eponychium (cuticle).
  • What is the lunula of the nail?
    The lunula is the visible, crescent-shaped white area at the nail base.