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Anatomy & Physiology: Introduction to Anatomy and Levels of Organization

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Terms in this set (25)

  • What is anatomy?

    Anatomy is the study of the structures of the human body.

  • List the biological hierarchical levels of organization from simplest to most complex.

    Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism.

  • What are the 11 organ systems of the human body?

    Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive.

  • What is the anatomical position?

    Body standing upright, facing forward, feet flat and close together, arms at sides with palms facing forward.

  • Define supine and prone positions.

    Supine: lying face up; Prone: lying face down.

  • Name three anatomical landmarks on the anterior body.

    Cephalic (head), Thoracic (chest), Abdominal (abdomen).

  • Name three anatomical landmarks on the posterior body.

    Lumbar (lower back), Gluteal (buttocks), Sural (calf).

  • What are the four abdominopelvic quadrants?

    Right Upper Quadrant, Left Upper Quadrant, Right Lower Quadrant, Left Lower Quadrant.

  • What are the nine abdominopelvic regions used for precise description?

    Right hypochondriac, Epigastric, Left hypochondriac, Right lumbar, Umbilical, Left lumbar, Right iliac, Hypogastric, Left iliac.

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Lateral / ?

    Lateral / Medial

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Proximal / ?

    Proximal / Distal (used for limbs)

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Superior / ?

    Superior / Inferior

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Caudal / ?

    Caudal / Cranial

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Dorsal / ?

    Dorsal / Ventral

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Anterior / ?

    Anterior / Posterior

  • Match the directional term with its pair: Deep / ?

    Deep / Superficial

  • Name the three sectional planes of the body.

    Frontal (coronal) plane, Sagittal plane, Transverse (horizontal) plane.

  • What are the subdivisions of the thoracic cavity?

    Left pleural cavity (surrounds left lung), Right pleural cavity (surrounds right lung), Mediastinum (contains trachea, esophagus, major vessels), Pericardial cavity (surrounds heart).

  • What are the subdivisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?

    Abdominal cavity (contains digestive glands and organs), Pelvic cavity (contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, last portion of digestive tract).

  • Define tissue in anatomy.

    Tissue is two or more different cell types working together for a common function.

  • Define an organ in anatomy.

    An organ is composed of multiple tissue types working together to perform specific functions.

  • True or False: Organs are composed of multiple tissue types.

    True.

  • True or False: Tissues are composed of multiple cell types.

    True.

  • True or False: Tissues are composed of multiple organ types.

    False.

  • Give an example of an organ shared by two or more body systems.

    Mouth: part of both the digestive and respiratory systems.