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Anatomy & Physiology: Joints and Movements

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Terms in this set (23)

  • What are the three main classifications of joints?

    Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.

  • What defines a fibrous joint?

    Joints connected by dense connective tissue, allowing little or no movement.

  • What characterizes cartilaginous joints?

    Joints connected by cartilage, permitting limited movement.

  • What is a synovial joint?

    A freely movable joint with a synovial cavity filled with fluid.

  • Name the six types of synovial joints.

    Plane, hinge, pivot, condylar, saddle, and ball-and-socket joints.

  • Describe a plane synovial joint.

    Allows gliding or sliding movements between flat bone surfaces.

  • What movement does a hinge joint allow?

    Flexion and extension like bending and straightening.

  • What is the primary movement of a pivot joint?

    Rotation around a single axis.

  • Describe a condylar joint.

    Allows movement in two planes: flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

  • What movements are possible at a saddle joint?

    Flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and limited circumduction.

  • What is unique about ball-and-socket joints?

    They allow movement in all planes including rotation.

  • Define flexion and extension movements.

    Flexion decreases the angle between bones; extension increases it.

  • What is abduction and adduction?

    Abduction moves a limb away from the midline; adduction moves it toward the midline.

  • Explain rotation in joint movement terms.

    Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis.

  • What bones form the shoulder joint?

    The humerus, scapula, and clavicle.

  • Name key bony landmarks of the shoulder.

    Acromion, coracoid process, glenoid cavity, and spine of scapula.

  • Which bones form the elbow joint?

    The humerus, radius, and ulna.

  • Identify important bony landmarks of the elbow.

    Olecranon, trochlea, capitulum, and coronoid fossa.

  • What bones form the hip joint?

    The femur and the pelvic bone (acetabulum).

  • Name key bony landmarks of the hip.

    Acetabulum, iliac crest, ischial tuberosity, and pubic symphysis.

  • Which bones form the knee joint?

    The femur, tibia, and patella.

  • Identify important bony landmarks of the knee.

    Patella, tibial tuberosity, medial and lateral condyles of femur and tibia.

  • What are common bony landmarks of the skull?

    Frontal bone, parietal bone, occipital bone, temporal bone, and mandible.