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Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal and Muscular System Overview

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the main divisions of the axial skeleton?
    Vertebral Column (cervical, thoracic, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx), Ribs, Sternum, and Skull & Mandible.
  • What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?
    Upper extremity bones: clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges. Lower extremity bones: ilium, ischium, pubis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.
  • Name the three parts of the scapula relevant to the shoulder joint.
    Acromion, coracoid process, and glenoid cavity (articulates with humerus).
  • What are the key landmarks of the humerus?
    Head, anatomical neck, surgical neck, greater and lesser tubercles, deltoid tuberosity, and epicondyles.
  • List the bones of the upper limb from proximal to distal.
    Humerus, radius and ulna, carpals, metacarpals, phalanges.
  • What are the three parts of the pelvic girdle?
    Ilium, ischium, and pubis.
  • Name the bones of the lower extremity from proximal to distal.
    Pelvic girdle, femur, patella, tibia and fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges.
  • What is the function of the patella?
    Protects the knee joint and improves leverage of the thigh muscles.
  • Identify the main bones of the skull visible in the study materials.
    Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, nasal, maxilla, mandible.
  • What are the major sutures of the skull?
    Sagittal, coronal, lambdoid, and squamous sutures.
  • Name the four groups of muscles of the upper limb listed.
    Muscles of the superficial back, shoulder, anterior compartment of the arm, and anterior compartment of the forearm.
  • Which muscles are included in the anterior compartment of the arm?
    Biceps brachii, brachialis, and coracobrachialis.
  • What muscles are part of the superficial back muscles?
    Trapezius, rhomboids, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae.
  • List the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm.
    Superficial group: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris. Deep group: flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus, pronator quadratus.
  • What are the four compartments of the thigh muscles?
    Anterior, posterior, medial, and lateral compartments.
  • Name the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh.
    Quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius) and sartorius.
  • Which muscles belong to the posterior compartment of the thigh?
    Hamstrings: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus.
  • What muscles are found in the medial compartment of the thigh?
    Adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis.
  • Identify the bones forming the knee joint.
    Femur, tibia, and patella.
  • What are the main bones of the foot?
    Tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges.