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Anatomy & Physiology: Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, and Special Senses Systems

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Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the two main divisions of the human skeleton?
    Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.
  • What bones make up the axial skeleton?
    The skull, vertebral column, and rib cage.
  • What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
    To provide support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production.
  • What are the three types of muscle tissue?
    Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle.
  • What distinguishes skeletal muscle from other muscle types?
    It is voluntary, striated, and attached to bones for movement.
  • What is the role of the muscular system?
    To produce movement, maintain posture, and generate heat.
  • What are joints and their function?
    Joints are connections between bones that allow for movement and flexibility.
  • Name the three types of joints based on movement.
    Fibrous (immovable), cartilaginous (slightly movable), and synovial (freely movable).
  • What is the central nervous system (CNS) composed of?
    The brain and spinal cord.
  • What is the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
    All nerves outside the CNS that connect it to limbs and organs.
  • What are the main functions of the nervous system?
    Sensory input, integration, and motor output.
  • What are cranial nerves?
    Twelve pairs of nerves that emerge directly from the brain to control head and neck functions.
  • What is the function of the spinal cord?
    To transmit nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the body and coordinate reflexes.
  • What are the special senses?
    Vision, hearing, taste, smell, and balance.
  • Which organ is responsible for vision?
    The eye.
  • What structure in the ear is responsible for balance?
    The vestibular apparatus in the inner ear.
  • What is the role of sensory receptors in special senses?
    To detect specific stimuli like light, sound, chemicals, or movement and send signals to the brain.
  • What is the difference between axial and appendicular skeleton?
    Axial skeleton supports the central axis; appendicular skeleton includes limbs and girdles.
  • What is the significance of lab exercises on axial and appendicular skeleton?
    They help identify and understand the structure and function of different bones.
  • Why are muscular system lab exercises important?
    They provide practical knowledge of muscle anatomy and movement mechanics.