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Bones and Bone Markings - Anatomy & Physiology

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Terms in this set (29)

  • What is a bone marking?

    Bone markings are surface features on bones that serve as sites for muscle attachment, joint formation, or passage of nerves and blood vessels.

  • Name the three main categories of bone markings.

    Projections, depressions, and openings.

  • What is a process in bone anatomy?

    A process is a projection or outgrowth of bone that usually serves as an attachment point for muscles or ligaments.

  • Define a tuberosity.

    A tuberosity is a large, rounded projection on a bone, often serving as a muscle attachment site.

  • What is a tubercle?

    A tubercle is a small, rounded projection or bump on a bone.

  • Describe a crest on a bone.

    A crest is a narrow, prominent ridge of bone.

  • What is a line in bone terminology?

    A line is a narrow ridge of bone, less prominent than a crest.

  • Define a spine in bone anatomy.

    A spine is a sharp, slender, often pointed projection.

  • What is a head on a bone?

    A head is a rounded articular projection supported on the neck of a bone.

  • Describe a neck in bone anatomy.

    A neck is a narrow connection between the head and the shaft of a bone.

  • What is a facet?

    A facet is a smooth, nearly flat articular surface on a bone.

  • Define a condyle.

    A condyle is a rounded articular projection, often articulating with another bone.

  • What is a ramus in bone anatomy?

    A ramus is a curved portion of a bone that forms an angle with the rest of the structure.

  • Name the types of bone depressions.

    Fossa, groove, and notch.

  • What is a fossa?

    A fossa is a shallow depression or hollow in a bone.

  • Define a groove in bone anatomy.

    A groove is a narrow, elongated depression that accommodates a tendon, nerve, or blood vessel.

  • What is a notch?

    A notch is an indentation at the edge of a bone.

  • Name the types of bone openings.

    Foramen, canal, and fissure.

  • What is a foramen?

    A foramen is a round or oval opening through a bone for blood vessels or nerves.

  • Define a canal (meatus) in bone anatomy.

    A canal or meatus is a tubular passage or tunnel through a bone.

  • What is a fissure?

    A fissure is a narrow, slit-like opening in a bone.

  • What is the diaphysis of a long bone?

    The diaphysis is the shaft or central part of a long bone.

  • Define the epiphysis of a long bone.

    The epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone, usually covered with articular cartilage.

  • What is the metaphysis?

    The metaphysis is the region between the diaphysis and epiphysis where growth occurs in children.

  • What is the periosteum?

    The periosteum is a dense connective tissue membrane covering the outer surface of bones, except at joints.

  • Define the endosteum.

    The endosteum is a thin membrane lining the medullary cavity inside bones.

  • What is the medullary cavity?

    The medullary cavity is the central hollow space within the diaphysis that contains bone marrow.

  • What type of bone tissue makes up the outer layer of bones?

    Compact bone forms the dense outer layer of bones.

  • What is spongy bone?

    Spongy bone is the porous, inner bone tissue that contains red or yellow bone marrow.