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Chapter 1 A&P intro2 - Slideshow 1

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Terms in this set (22)

  • What are the six levels of structural organization in the human body?

    The six levels are Chemical, Cellular, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, and Organism.

  • What is the chemical level of organization?

    The chemical level includes atoms and molecules, such as phospholipid molecules and atoms, which form the basic building blocks of matter.

  • What characterizes the cellular level of organization?

    The cellular level consists of cells, the smallest living units in the body, such as squamous epithelial cells with a cell membrane.

  • What is the tissue level of organization?

    The tissue level is made up of groups of similar cells performing a common function, for example, stratified squamous epithelium.

  • Define the organ level of organization.

    An organ is a structure composed of at least two tissue types that performs a specific function, such as the esophagus.

  • What is an organ system in the human body?

    An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform complex functions, like the digestive system.

  • What is the organism level of organization?

    The organism level is the highest level, representing the entire living human body as a whole.

  • Name the 11 organ systems of the human body.

    The 11 organ systems are: Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive, and Endocrine systems.

  • What are the main functions of the integumentary system?

    It protects the body from external environment, produces vitamin D, retains water, and regulates body temperature.

  • List key functions of the skeletal system.

    Supports the body, protects internal organs, provides leverage for movement, produces blood cells, and stores calcium salts.

  • What are the primary roles of the muscular system?

    Produces movement, controls body openings, and generates heat.

  • Describe the nervous system's main functions.

    Provides body functions control, sensation, movement, automatic functions, and higher mental functions via nerves, brain, and spinal cord.

  • What does the endocrine system regulate?

    Regulates body functions through hormones secreted by glands like the thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas.

  • What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?

    Pumps and delivers oxygen-poor blood to lungs and oxygen-rich blood to tissues, transports wastes, nutrients, hormones, and antibodies.

  • What is the role of the lymphatic system?

    Returns excess tissue fluid to the cardiovascular system and provides immunity against disease.

  • What functions does the respiratory system perform?

    Delivers oxygen to blood, removes carbon dioxide from the body, and maintains acid-base balance of blood.

  • List the main functions of the digestive system.

    Digests food, absorbs nutrients into the blood, and removes food wastes while maintaining fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

  • What are the functions of the urinary system?

    Removes metabolic wastes from blood, maintains fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance, and stimulates blood cell production.

  • What are the primary functions of the reproductive system?

    Produces and transports gametes, secretes hormones, and supports sexual function.

  • What are the four main word parts used to understand medical terms?

    Word roots, combining vowels, prefixes, and suffixes are the main parts used to determine the meaning of medical terms.

  • What is the role of the word root in medical terminology?

    The word root is the fundamental unit of a medical word, providing its basic meaning and serving as the base to which prefixes and suffixes are added.

  • Describe the anatomical position used as a reference in anatomy.

    The body stands upright, feet shoulder-width apart, upper limbs at the sides, head and palms facing forward; this is the common frame of reference.