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Chapter 1 Terms (Homeostasis, Anatomical terms)

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Terms in this set (22)

  • Gross/Macroscopic anatomy

    Studying big, visible structures of anatomy

  • Regional anatomy

    Looks at all structures in a particular area

  • System Anatomy

    Looks at one system

  • Surface Anatomy

    Looks at internal structures as they relate to overlaying skin

  • Microscopic anatomy

    To small to be seen with eye structures

    ei. Cytology (studying cells)

    Histology (studying tissues)

  • What 8 things does life require?

    • Maintaining boundries

    • Movement

    • Responsiveness

    • Metabolism

    • Digestion

    • Excretion

    • Reproduction

    • Growth

  • What are the 4 survival needs?

    • Nutrients

    • Oxygen

    • Water

    • Homeostasis

  • Variables (homeostasis)

    Factors that may change in certain amounts but should be brought back to a normal range

    (Temp, PH, blood glucose)

  • What are the 3 parts of homeostasis?

    What do they do?

    • Receptor (sensor) = responds to stimuli, Afferent pathway

    • Control center = Determines appropriate response

    • Effector = Provides the means to respond (Efferent pathway)

  • Negative Feedback

    Response makes the variable go back to normal (maintains homeostasis)

    ie. Temp regulation

  • Positive Feedback

    Enhances or exaggerates original stimulus... Often occurs at infrequent events

    ie. blood clots

  • Components of anatomical position (4)

    • body erect

    • palms forward

    • feet slightly apart

    • thumbs lateral

  • Directional terms

    Describes one body part in relation to another

  • Regional terms

    What are the two sections?

    Designate specific sections in the body

    • Axial

    • Appendicular

  • Body planes

    What are the 3 main ones?

    Sectioning of the body using straight lines

    • Sagittal

    • Frontal

    • Transverse

  • Sagittal plane

    Divides body into L/R

  • Frontal Plane

    Divides body into anterior and posterior

  • Transverse Plane

    Divides body into inferior and superior

  • Body cavities

    What are the 2 main ones?

    cavities that are closed to the environment

    • Dorsal

    • Ventral

  • What are the components of the dorsal cavity?

    It protects the nervous system

    • Cranial cavity (brain)

    • Vertebral cavity (spinal cord)

  • What are the components of the ventral cavity?

    It protects the organs

    • Thoracic cavity (lungs and heart)

    • Abdominopelvic cavity (everything else)

  • Epidemiology

    The study of how often certain diseases occur in different people groups and why