BackChapter 1 Vocab
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Terms in this set (43)
Anatomy is the study of body structures and how they relate.
Physiology is the study of how body parts work.
Structure determines function; what something looks like helps determine what it can do.
The Chemical Level includes atoms and molecules.
The Cellular Level consists of cells and their parts, like organelles.
Tissue Level is groups of similar cells working together.
Organ Level is two or more tissue types working together for one function.
Organ System Level is a group of organs working together.
Organismal Level is the whole living individual.
Homeostasis is keeping the body’s internal environment stable.
A Feedback Loop is when the result of a process affects what happens next.
Negative Feedback reduces or stops the original change to bring the body back toward normal.
Set Point is the normal or target value the body tries to maintain.
A Stimulus is a change away from the set point.
Sensor/Receptor detects the change in the body.
Control Center receives information and decides what response is needed.
Response is the action taken to correct the change.
Positive Feedback increases the original stimulus until a process is completed.
Anatomical Position is standing upright, facing forward, arms at the sides, palms forward.
Superior / Cranial means toward the head or upper part of the body.
Inferior / Caudal means toward the feet or lower part of the body.
Anterior / Ventral means toward the front of the body.
Posterior / Dorsal means toward the back of the body.
Medial means toward the body’s midline.
Lateral means away from the midline, toward the sides.
Proximal means closer to the point of attachment or origin.
Distal means farther from the point of attachment or origin.
A Body Plane is an imaginary surface that divides the body into sections.
Sagittal Plane divides the body into right and left parts.
Midsagittal / Median Plane divides the body into equal right and left halves.
Frontal / Coronal Plane divides the body into front and back parts.
Transverse / Horizontal / Axial Plane divides the body into upper and lower parts.
A Body Cavity is a space in the body that contains internal organs.
Viscera are internal organs.
Dorsal Body Cavity is the cavity along the back of the body.
Cranial Cavity contains the brain.
Vertebral Cavity contains the spinal cord.
Ventral Body Cavity is the cavity along the front of the body.
Thoracic Cavity is the chest cavity; contains the heart and lungs.
Abdominopelvic Cavity is the cavity below the thoracic cavity.
Abdominal Cavity contains most digestive organs and the kidneys.
Pelvic Cavity contains reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.
Diaphragm is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity.