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CHAPTER 5-6

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Terms in this set (24)

  • Cutaneous Membrane

    The Skin.

    Has 2 major components: Superficial Epidermis and the Deep Dermis.

  • Superficial Epidermis

    On top of skin.

    Has keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that sits on top of the basement membrane.

  • Deep Dermis

    Under the superficial epidermis.

    has: loose connective tissues and dense irregular connective tissues.

  • Not including the epidermis and dermis, what else does the skin have?

    Sensory neurons and their respected receptors.

    Also, arrector pilli muscles.

  • Arrector Pilli muscles

    They attach to hairs in the dermis.

  • True or False

    Epidermis is full of blood vessels and is not lacking in blood supply.

    False.

    The epidermis is an epithelial tissue which means it is avascular.

  • Explain how the epidermis receives nutrients.

    Oxygen and nutrients follow a concentration gradient and diffuse from blood vessels that are in the dermis below.

  • Hypodermis

    Also known as the superficial fascia or subcutaneous tissue.

  • True or false

    The hypodermis is apart of the skin.

    False

    The hypodermis is not apart of the skin.

  • What is the hypodermis made of?

    Loose connective tissue and is very vascular and adipose tissue.

  • true or false.

    The hypodermis is used in medication administration.

    True.

    Due to the amount of blood vessels, the hypodermis is often used in medication administration.

  • What are keratinocytes held together by?

    Intercellular junctions called Desmosomes.

  • What are the five layers of the epidermis?

    • Stratum basale

    • Stratum spinosum

    • Stratum granulosum

    • stratum lucidum

    • stratum corneum

  • Explain the stratum basale.

    • The deepest layer of the epidermis

    • It is thin

    • Consists of a single layer of stem cells that sits on the basement membrane and is slightly cuboidal or columnar than squamous

    • Closest to the blood supply in the dermis.

  • Explain Stratum Spinosum

    • Superficial to the Basale layer

    • Thickest layer of the epidermis

    • Produce a lot of keratins that accumulates in their cytosol.

    • Near the blood supply also

  • Explain Stratum Granulosum

    • Middle of epidermis

    • Made up of 3-5 rows of cells

    • named because of the prominent cytoplasmic granules in its cells

  • Explain Stratum Lucidum

    • Superficial to the granulosum

    • Only found in thick skin

    • Known as the clear layer

    • narrow, layer of dead keratinocytes

  • Explain Stratum Corneum

    • The most superficial layer of the epidermis

    • Consists of several layers of dead, flattened keratinocytes

    • The most superficial cells of the layer also lose their desmosomes, which is why we can exfoliate mechanically.

  • What are the 3 extra cells that are scattered throughout the epidermis?

    • Dendritic Cells

    • Tactile cells

    • Melanocytes

  • Describe Dendritic Cells

    • Found in the stratum spinosum

    • phagocytes of the immune system that protects the skin and deeper tissues from pathogens

  • Describe Tactile cells

    • Also known as Merkel cells

    • Sensory receptors that detect light touch and different shapes and textures

    • Found in fingertips, lips, base of hairs

  • Describe Melanocytes

    • Found in the stratum Basale

    • Produces the protein melanin

  • What is Thick skin?

    • A skin that can be found on soles of feet, plantar surfaces of toes, palms of hands,

    • It is as thick as a paper towel

    • Does not have hair follicles

    • Has sweat glands

    • Has all 5 strata

  • What is Thin Skin?

    • A skin that can be found everywhere on the body

    • Has sweat, sebaceous glands

    • Has hair follicles

    • Is thin as a piece of thick printer paper

    • has only 4 strata (doesn't have lucidum)