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Chapter 6: Bones and Bone Tissue

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Terms in this set (7)

  • Know the 7 fucntions of the skeletal system.

    Protection: protects oragns

    Mineral storage: stores calcium, phosporus, magnesium

    Acid base balance: Helps Maintains blood PH

    Blood Cell Formation: Red marrow- makes blood cells

    Fat Storage: Yellow marrow- stores fat

    Movement: Muscles pull on bones

    Support: Gives body structure

  • Differentiate between Endochondral & Intramembranous ossification . Identify which bones are formed by which type of ossification.

    Endochondral ossification: bone forms by replacing a hyaline cartilage model. This makes most long bones, like the femur.

    Intramembranous ossification: bone forms directly from connective tissue, such as many flat bones of the skull.

  • Understand the 5 steps of Endochondral Ossification.

    1.Chondroblast Becomes Osteoblasts

    2. Osteoblast forms a bone collar

    3.Cartilage calcifies and chondrocytes dies

    4.Osteoblasts replace cartillage with spongy bone

    5.Remainig cartilage becomes bone

  • Understand the 4 steps of Intramembranous Ossification.

    1.Osteoblasts form from mesenchymal cells

    2.Osteoblasts secrete matrix, which calcifies

    3.Spongy bone and periosteum form

    4.Compact bone forms

  • Know the functions of Calcium.

    1.Heart Contractions

    2.Skeletal muscle contractions

    3.Nerve Impulse

    4.Blood clotting

  • Describe Negative feedback Involving PTH calcium reabsorption.

    Example:If your blood calcium drops after not getting enough calcium, your body releases PTH. PTH helps bring calcium back into the blood. Once the calcium level is normal again, PTH decreases.

    PTH negative feedback

    • Low blood Ca²⁺ drops → ↑ PTH

    • PTH → kidneys reabsorb more Ca²⁺ → blood Ca²⁺ rises

    • High blood Ca²⁺ → ↓ PTH

  • Know the 4 steps of bone repair.

    1.Hematoma forms: Blood clot at fracture

    2.Soft callus forms: Cartilage / Connective tissue

    3.Bone callus forms: Osteoblasts makes bone

    4. Remodeling: Old primary bone gets replaces with stronger secondary bone