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Chapter 8: Articulations

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Terms in this set (7)

  • What are the 3 functional classifications of joints?

    Synarthrosis: No movement

    Amphiarthrosis: Slight movement

    Diarthrosis: Freely movable

  • What are the 4 structural classifications of joints?

    • Fibrous → bones joined by fibrous connective tissue

    • Cartilaginous → bones joined by cartilage

    • Synovial → bones separated by a fluid-filled joint cavity

    • Bony (synostosis) → bones fuse together

  • What are the 6 features of Synovial Joints?

    • Articular cartilage → covers bone ends

    • Joint cavity → space between bones

    • Articular capsule → surrounds joint

    • Synovial fluid → lubricates joint

    • Ligaments → strengthen/stabilize joint

    • Nerves and blood vessels → supply joint

  • Define these Terms.

    • Bursitis: inflammation of a bursa.

    • Osteoarthritis: wearing down of joint cartilage.

    • Rheumatoid arthritis: immune system attacks joints.

    • Arthritis: joint inflammation.

    • Gout: uric acid crystals in joints.

    • Lyme disease: tick-borne bacterial infection.

    • Bursae: fluid sacs that reduce friction.

    • Tendon sheaths: fluid sacs around tendons.

    • Tendons: connect muscle to bone.

    • Ligaments: connect bone to bone.

    • Origin: muscle attachment that stays still.

    • Insertion: muscle attachment that moves.

    • Tendonitis: inflammation of a tendon.

  • What are the 3 "C's" of knee injuries?

    • ACL = anterior cruciate ligament

    • MCL = medial collateral ligament

    • Medial meniscus = cartilage cushion

  • Characteristics of the Shoulder Joint + Rotator Cuff.

    The shoulder:

    Very large range of motion

    Less stability

    Shallow socket

    Rotator cuff muscles/tendons help stabilize it

    The 4 rotator cuff muscles = SITS

    • Supraspinatus

    • Infraspinatus

    • Teres minor

    • Subscapularis

  • Why do Sprains and Tears take longer to heal?

    Poor blood supply causes slow healing.