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chapter 9

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Terms in this set (35)

  • definition of a joint

    where two bones connect (articulation), bone and cartilage, or bone and teeth

  • do all joints allow movement

    no

  • functions of joints

    facilitate movement and provide mechanical support

  • what is structural classification based on

    material connecting the bones and the presence of basence of a joint cavity

  • what is the functional classification based on

    degree of movement permitted

  • fibrous joints (definition)

    bones are connected by fribrous connective tissue

  • cartilaginous joints

    bones are connected by cartilage (hylaine or fibrocartilage)

  • bony fusion (synotsosis)

    bones fuse and boundary disappears

  • synovial joints

    bones are connected by a fluid-filled joint cavity

  • synarthrosis

    immobile joint

  • amphiarthrosis

    joint permitting limited movement

  • diarthrosis

    freely moveable joint

  • fibrous synarthrosis (suture)

    sutures of the skull (ex)

  • fibrous synathrosis (gomphosis)

    binds teeth to bony sockets via the peridontal ligament

  • cartilaginous synathrosis (synchondrosis)

    rigid cartilaginous bridge; i.ce connection of sternum and vertebrosternal ribs

  • bonh synathrosis (synotosis)

    fusion of bones, i.e epiphyseal lines of mature long bones

  • cartilaginous amphiarthrosis (symphysis)

    bones are seperated by a pad of fibrocartilage; i.e pubic symphysis

  • fibrous amphiarthrosis (syndesmosis)

    bones connected by fibrous connective tissue; i.e interosseus membrane between ulna and radius

  • strucure of diarthrosis

    articulating bones are connected by fluid-filled joint cavity

  • examples of diathrosis

    shoulder, elbow, hip, wrist, and ankle joints

  • uniaxial joints

    motion around a single axis

  • biaxial joints

    motion zround 2 axes

  • triaxial joints

    motion around 3 axes

  • articular capsule of joint (whar does it to, whats it composed of and what does it attach to)

    surrounds joint, composed of fibrous connective tissue, attaches to periosteum

  • the synovial membrane (layer and function)

    inner layer; secretes synovial fluid for lubrication, nutrient supply, and shock absorption

  • articular cartilage (what does it cover, difference in cartilage)

    coversarticulating surfaces, similar to cartilage but with more water and no perichondrium

  • accesory ligaments (whar do they do)

    support and reinforce joint

  • meniscus

    pad of fbrocartilage for shock absorption and cushioning

  • bursa

    small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between structures

  • pivot joints (description and what movement)

    rounded bone portion enclosed in a ring, allows uniaxial rotation

  • hinge joints (description and what movement)

    convex surface articulates with convex surface, allows bending and straightening (uniaxial)

  • condyloid joints (description and what movement)

    shallow depression articulates with rounded structure; allows movement in 2 plans (biaxial)

  • plane joints (description and what movement)

    flat or slightly curved surfaces, allow sliding movements

  • saddle joints (description and what movement)

    saddle-shaped surfaces, fit together like rider on saddle (biaxial)

  • ball-and socket joints (description and what movement)

    rounded head fits into cup-shaped depression, greatest range of motion (triaxial)