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Fundamentals of Human A&P - Lecture 1

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Terms in this set (34)

  • Anatomy

    Study of the form/structure of body parts and their relation to each other.

  • Physiology

    Study of the function of the body.

  • Complementarity of structure and function

    What a structure can do depends on its specific form.

  • Order of Body Organization

    Chemical -> Molecular -> Organelle -> Cellular -> Tissue -> Organ -> Organ System -> Organism

  • Homeostasis

    Ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions in the presence of changing external environment.

  • Negative Feedback Mechanisms

    A response to a stimulus that counteracts or reduces the original change. Moves in the opposite direction of the original change.

  • Positive Feedback Mechanisms

    A response that enhances the original stimulus to create a greater response. The system is pushed further from the starting point. Same direction as initial change.

  • Anatomical

    Position where subject stands facing the viewer, head level, feet forward, and palms facing forward

  • Prone

    Position of lying face down

  • Supine

    Position of lying face up

  • Medial/Midsagittal Plane

    Plane that divides the body into its equal left and right parts

  • Frontal/Coronal Plane

    Plane that divides the body into its front (anterior) and back (posterior) parts

  • Transverse Plane

    Plane that divides the body into its top (superior) and bottom (inferior) parts

  • Superior

    Directional term for towards the head

  • Inferior

    Directional term for away from the head

  • Dorsal

    Directional term for towards the backbone (think dorsal fin)

    Synonymous with posterior in humans

  • Ventral

    Directional term for towards the abdominal side

    Synonymous with anterior in humans

  • Medial

    Directional term for towards the mid-line of the body

  • Lateral

    Directional term for away from the mid-line of the body

    Towards the side

  • Proximal

    Directional term for towards the trunk or point of origin

  • Distal

    Directional term for away from the trunk or point of origin

  • Superficial

    Directional term for toward the body surface, external

  • Deep

    Directional term for away from the body surface, internal

  • Ventral Cavities

    The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

  • Dorsal Cavities

    The cranial and vertebral cavities

  • Thoracic Cavity

    Contains the pleural cavity, the pericardial cavity in the mediastinum, and the superior mediastinum

  • Pleural Cavity

    the lungs

  • Pericardial Cavity in the Mediastinum

    the heart

  • Superior Mediastinum

    trachea and esophagus

  • Abdominopelvic Cavity

    the abdominal and pelvic cavities

  • Abdominal Cavity

    contains the digestive organs, kidneys, ureters

  • Pelvic Cavity

    contains the bladder and reproductive organs

  • Cranial Cavity

    contains the brain

  • Vertebral Cavity

    contains the spinal cord