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Heart Anatomy and Major Vessels

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Terms in this set (20)

  • Aorta
    The largest artery in the body that carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the systemic circulation.
  • Brachiocephalic Trunk
    A major artery branching from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck.
  • Left Common Carotid Artery
    An artery arising from the aortic arch that supplies oxygenated blood to the left side of the head and neck.
  • Left Subclavian Artery
    An artery branching from the aortic arch that supplies blood to the left arm.
  • Superior & Inferior Venae Cavae
    Large veins that return deoxygenated blood from the body to the right atrium; superior from upper body, inferior from lower body.
  • Pulmonary Trunk
    A vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs for oxygenation.
  • Pulmonary Veins
    Vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
  • Right & Left Atria and Auricles
    The upper chambers of the heart that receive blood; auricles are small appendages that increase atrial volume.
  • Right & Left Ventricles
    The lower chambers of the heart responsible for pumping blood out to the lungs and body.
  • Apex & Base of the Heart
    The apex is the pointed tip of the heart directed downward; the base is the broad top where major vessels attach.
  • Interventricular Septum
    The muscular wall separating the right and left ventricles.
  • Moderator Band
    A muscular band in the right ventricle that carries part of the conduction system and prevents overexpansion.
  • Tricuspid Valve
    The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle that prevents backflow of blood.
  • Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve
    The valve between the left atrium and left ventricle that prevents backflow of blood.
  • Pulmonic Semilunar Valve
    The valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk that prevents backflow into the ventricle.
  • Aortic Semilunar Valve
    The valve between the left ventricle and aorta that prevents backflow into the ventricle.
  • Chordae Tendineae
    Tendinous cords that connect papillary muscles to the atrioventricular valves to prevent valve prolapse.
  • Papillary Muscles
    Muscles located in the ventricles that anchor chordae tendineae and contract to prevent valve inversion.
  • Epicardium
    The outer layer of the heart wall, also known as the visceral layer of the pericardium.
  • Pericardium
    A double-walled sac surrounding the heart that provides protection and reduces friction during heartbeats.