Skip to main content
Back

Integumentary System - Anatomy & Physiology

Control buttons has been changed to "navigation" mode.
1/20

Terms in this set (20)

  • What are the main functions of the integumentary system?

    The integumentary system protects the body, regulates temperature, prevents water loss, synthesizes vitamin D, and provides sensory information.

  • What are the three primary layers of the skin?

    The epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis (subcutaneous layer).

  • What type of tissue primarily composes the epidermis?

    Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

  • What is the role of keratinocytes in the epidermis?

    They produce keratin, a protein that strengthens and waterproofs the skin.

  • Which cells in the epidermis are responsible for immune defense?

    Langerhans cells act as antigen-presenting cells to help immune response.

  • What pigment determines skin color and where is it produced?

    Melanin is produced by melanocytes in the basal layer of the epidermis.

  • What is the function of the dermis?

    The dermis provides structural strength, elasticity, and houses blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, and glands.

  • Name the two layers of the dermis.

    The papillary layer (superficial) and the reticular layer (deep).

  • What type of connective tissue is found in the dermis?

    Primarily dense irregular connective tissue.

  • What is the hypodermis composed of and what is its function?

    Composed mainly of adipose tissue, it insulates, cushions, and anchors the skin to underlying structures.

  • What are the two main types of sweat glands?

    Eccrine glands (thermoregulation) and apocrine glands (associated with hair follicles and scent).

  • What is the function of sebaceous glands?

    They secrete sebum, an oily substance that lubricates and waterproofs the skin and hair.

  • What is the role of hair in the integumentary system?

    Hair provides protection, sensory input, and helps regulate body temperature.

  • What is the function of nails?

    Nails protect the distal phalanges and enhance fine touch and manipulation.

  • How does the skin contribute to vitamin D synthesis?

    UV light converts 7-dehydrocholesterol in the skin to vitamin D3, essential for calcium absorption.

  • What is the significance of the stratum basale in the epidermis?

    It is the deepest layer where stem cells divide to produce new keratinocytes.

  • Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for waterproofing?

    The stratum corneum consists of dead keratinized cells that form a waterproof barrier.

  • What sensory receptors are found in the skin?

    Mechanoreceptors (touch), thermoreceptors (temperature), nociceptors (pain), and proprioceptors.

  • How does the integumentary system regulate body temperature?

    Through sweat secretion and blood vessel dilation or constriction in the dermis.

  • What is the role of the arrector pili muscle?

    It contracts to cause hair to stand (goosebumps), aiding in heat retention.