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joints

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Terms in this set (40)

  • ligaments

    dense regular collagenous connective tissue that connects one bone to another

  • intrinsic ligament

    thickened regions of the articular capsule, within capsule

  • extrinsic ligaments

    not part of articular capsule, may be inside or outside of joint cavity

  • tendons

    dense regular collagenous connective tissue, connects muscle to bone ,

  • tendons functions

    pull on bones during muscle contractions, stabilize joints that they cross over

  • muscle tone

    small contractions by muscles to keep tendons taut

  • bursae

    synovial fluid filled sac lined by a synovial membrane

  • bursae location

    regions of high stress where bones, tendons, muscles and skin interact to minimize friction

  • tendon sheath

    long bursae that surround some tendons in high stress regions

  • tendon sheath function

    protect long tendons as they course over and around synovial joints

  • uniaxial joint

    one axis, elbow joint

  • biaxial joint

    2 axis , metacarpophalangeal joint

  • multiaxial joint

    shoulder joint, multiples axes

  • gliding movements

    sliding motion between articulating surfaces of bones in a joint, nonaxial, in wrist

  • angular movements

    increase or decrease the angle between articulating bones

  • flexion

    decrease angle

  • lateral flexion

    sideways movement

  • extension

    increases angle between bones

  • hyperextension

    extension beyond anatomical position of joint

  • abduction

    body part moving away from midline

  • adduction

    body part moving toward midline

  • circumduction

    moveable distal bone moves around stationary proximal bone in circle shape

  • rotation

    nonangular, pivoting motion, rotates on longitudinal axis

  • internal rotation

    roattes body part toward midline

  • external rotation

    rotates body part away from midline

  • opposition

    occurs at thumb, thumb moves across palmer surface

  • reposition

    return of thumb to anatomical position

  • depression

    movement of body part toward inferior direction

  • elevation

    opposite of depression

  • protraction

    body part in anterior direction

  • retraction

    moves body part posteriorly

  • inversion

    plantar surface of foot reates toward midline

  • eversion

    plantar surface rotates laterally away from midline

  • dorsiflexion

    toes pulled towards head

  • plantarflexion

    toes point toward ground

  • supination

    palm faces anteriorly, thumb pointing laterally

  • pronation

    turn palmar surface medially until it faces posteriorly with thumb pointing medially

  • range of motion

    amount of movement a joint is capable of under normal circumstances

  • nonaxial

    such as intercarpal joints, smallest range of motion

  • multiaxial joint

    such as shoulder, greatest range of motion