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Lab 10: Vocab

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  • Myo/Mys

    muscle

  • Sacro

    Flesh

  • Sarcolemma

    the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber

  • Sarcoplasm

    the cytoplasm of a muscle cell

  • Sarcomere

    contractile unit, composed of myofilaments made up of contractile proteins

  • Myofibril

    rodlike contractile elements that occupy most of the muscle cell volume

  • Myofilament

    two types: thick and thin

  • Thick Filaments

    composed primarily of myosin molecules whose heads protrude at opposite ends of the filament

  • Thin Filaments

    consists of two strands of actin subunits twisted into a helix plus two types of regulatory proteins

  • Muscle fiber

    a muscle cells; elongated multinucleate cells, striated

  • Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

    an elaborate smooth endoplasmic reticulum; regulates intracellular levels of ionic calcium

  • Myoglobin

    red-colored protein that stores oxygen and releases it when needed

  • Epimysium

    an "overcoat" of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the whole muscle

  • Perimysium

    layer of dense irregular connective tissue surrounding each fascicle

  • Endomysium

    wispy sheath of connective tissue that surrounds each individual muscle fiber

  • Intercalated discs

    specialized structures that connect cardiac muscle cells, enables coordinated contraction and efficient heart function

  • Calveoli

    small, flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane

  • Varicosities

    enlarged, dilated, or twisted veins that occur when normal structure or function of veins is disrupted

  • Calmodulin

    small highly conserved calcium-binding messenger protein found in all eukaryotic cells