BackMuscle Tissue and Muscle Anatomy - Anatomy & Physiology
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Terms in this set (20)
Cells are short, branched, and striated with a single nucleus. They are connected by intercalated discs. Located in the heart, cardiac muscle circulates blood and maintains blood pressure.
Cells are long, cylindrical, striated, and multinucleated. Found in combined connective and neural tissue in skeletal muscles. Functions to move or stabilize the position of the skeleton and protect internal organs.
Cells are short, spindle-shaped, nonstriated with a single central nucleus. Located in walls of blood vessels and organs like digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems. Moves food, urine, and reproductive tract secretions.
Epimysium surrounds the entire muscle, perimysium surrounds muscle fascicles, and endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers. Blood vessels and nerves run through these layers.
Long cylindrical cells with multiple nuclei located at the periphery. Contain myofibrils composed of repeating sarcomeres responsible for striations.
Sarcomeres have Z lines marking boundaries, A bands containing thick filaments, I bands containing thin filaments, and an H band in the center of the A band with only thick filaments.
During contraction, A band stays the same length, I band and H band shorten, and sarcomeres shorten as myofilaments slide past each other.
Intercalated discs connect cardiac muscle cells, allowing synchronized contraction by facilitating electrical and mechanical coupling.
Includes the motor neuron axon terminal, synaptic vesicles with acetylcholine (ACh), synaptic cleft, and motor end plate on the muscle fiber membrane (sarcolemma).
ACh is released from synaptic vesicles, binds to receptors on the motor end plate, triggering muscle fiber contraction.
Include superior, inferior, lateral, and medial rectus muscles, and superior and inferior oblique muscles, all attached to the eyeball to control precise movements.
Include temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, and medial pterygoid. They move the mandible for chewing.
Include epicranius, orbicularis oculi, zygomaticus major and minor, buccinator, orbicularis oris, risorius, and mentalis.
Include sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, scalenes, omohyoid, sternohyoid, and thyrohyoid.
The epimysium is a connective tissue layer that surrounds the entire skeletal muscle, providing structural support and separating it from surrounding tissues.
The perimysium surrounds bundles of muscle fibers called fascicles, providing pathways for blood vessels and nerves.
The endomysium surrounds individual muscle fibers, providing an extracellular environment for muscle cells and supporting capillaries and nerves.
Skeletal muscle cells are multinucleated with nuclei at the periphery, cardiac muscle cells have one or two central nuclei, and smooth muscle cells have a single central nucleus.
Found in the walls of blood vessels and hollow organs such as the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts.
To move or stabilize the skeleton, protect internal organs, and control entrances and exits to the digestive, respiratory, and urinary tracts.