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Renal and Reproductive Anatomy & Physiology

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  • What is the primary function of the kidneys?
    The kidneys filter blood to remove waste, regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and produce urine.
  • Name the two main regions of the kidney.
    The kidney is divided into the renal cortex (outer region) and renal medulla (inner region).
  • What structure collects urine from the renal pyramids?
    The renal pelvis collects urine from the renal pyramids before it passes to the ureter.
  • What is the functional unit of the kidney?
    The nephron is the functional unit responsible for filtering blood and forming urine.
  • Name the parts of a nephron visible in the kidney section.
    Key parts include the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule.
  • What is the role of the glomerulus?
    The glomerulus filters blood plasma into the nephron's Bowman's capsule.
  • What is the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
    A structure that regulates blood pressure and filtration rate by releasing renin.
  • What vessels supply blood to the kidney?
    The renal artery brings blood in; the renal vein carries filtered blood away.
  • What is the function of the ureter?
    The ureter transports urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder.
  • Name the main external female reproductive organs shown in the model.
    The vulva, including the labia majora, labia minora, and clitoris.
  • What are the main internal female reproductive organs?
    The vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
  • What is the function of the uterus?
    The uterus supports fetal development during pregnancy.
  • What is the role of the fallopian tubes?
    They transport ova from the ovaries to the uterus and are the site of fertilization.
  • What structures are visible in the pregnant uterus model?
    The fetus, amniotic sac, placenta, and umbilical cord.
  • Name the main male reproductive organs shown in the models.
    The penis, testes, epididymis, vas deferens, and prostate gland.
  • What is the function of the testes?
    The testes produce sperm and testosterone.
  • What is the role of the epididymis?
    The epididymis stores and matures sperm.
  • What is the vas deferens?
    A duct that transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra.
  • What is the function of the prostate gland?
    It produces seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.
  • What is the urethra's role in the male reproductive system?
    It serves as a passageway for urine and semen to exit the body.