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Set #8 Upper & Lower Body Ligaments - Anatomy & Physiology

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  • Sternoclavicular ligament

    Fibrous bands reinforcing the sternoclavicular capsule anteriorly and posteriorly, bridging the sternal end of the clavicle to the manubrium.

  • Acromioclavicular ligament

    A flat horizontal band reinforcing the superior aspect of the joint capsule between the acromion process and the lateral clavicle tip.

  • Coracoclavicular ligament

    A powerful dual-part ligament anchoring the inferior surface of the lateral clavicle down to the coracoid process of the scapula.

  • Coracoacromial ligament

    A strong protective fibrous band spanning horizontally over the shoulder joint from the coracoid process to the acromion process of the same scapula.

  • Muscle tendon of the supraspinatus

    A dynamic rotator cuff stabilizer tracking over the superior aspect of the shoulder joint capsule to insert onto the greater tubercle of the humerus.

  • Muscle tendon of the infraspinatus

    A dynamic rotator cuff stabilizer tracking across the posterior aspect of the shoulder joint capsule to insert onto the greater tubercle of the humerus.

  • Muscle tendon of the teres minor

    A dynamic rotator cuff stabilizer tracking lower on the posterior aspect of the shoulder capsule to insert onto the greater tubercle of the humerus.

  • Muscle tendon of the subscapularis

    A dynamic rotator cuff stabilizer tracking across the broad anterior aspect of the shoulder joint capsule to insert onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus.

  • Anterior sacroiliac ligaments

    Broad, flat fibrous sheets reinforcing the front side of the pelvis, spanning between the sacrum and the anterior ala of the ilium.

  • Posterior sacroiliac ligaments

    Thick, exceptionally strong fibrous bands filling the deep space behind the pelvis, anchoring the sacrum to the posterior iliac spines.

  • Inguinal ligament

    A dense fibrous cord forming the boundary of the lower groin, extending from the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the pubic tubercle.

  • Sacrotuberous ligament

    A large, flat, fan-shaped ligament in the lower posterior pelvis extending from the lateral sacrum/coccyx down to the ischial tuberosity.

  • Sacrospinous ligament

    A thin, triangular deep pelvic ligament extending from the lateral border of the lower sacrum/coccyx across to the sharp ischial spine.

  • Iliofemoral ligament

    A massive, inverted Y-shaped structural band reinforcing the anterior hip capsule, spanning from the ilium down to the intertrochanteric line of the femur.

  • Pubofemoral ligament

    A triangular fibrous band reinforcing the antero-inferior hip capsule, extending from the pubic ramus to merge with the iliofemoral ligament.

  • Ischiofemoral ligament

    A spiraling fibrous band reinforcing the posterior hip capsule, extending from the ischium body upward to wrap around the neck of the femur.

  • Ligament of the femoral head (Ligamentum teres)

    A small flat internal band located deep within the hip joint cavity, tracking from the acetabular notch into the fovea capitis of the femoral head.

  • Patellar ligament

    A heavy, thick fibrous band below the kneecap, extending from the apex of the patella down to the tibial tuberosity.

  • Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

    An internal intracapsular knee ligament from the anterior intercondylar tibia to the medial side of the lateral femoral condyle; prevents forward hyperextension of the tibia.

  • Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

    A thick internal intracapsular knee ligament from the posterior intercondylar tibia to the lateral side of the medial femoral condyle; prevents backward sliding of the tibia.

  • Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament (LCL)

    A rounded, cord-like extracapsular strap on the outer knee side, extending from the lateral femoral epicondyle to the head of the fibula.

  • Medial (tibial) collateral ligament (MCL)

    A broad, flat extracapsular band on the inner knee side, extending from the medial femoral epicondyle to the medial tibia; fuses to the medial meniscus.

  • Lateral meniscus

    A circular, C-shaped fibrocartilage pad on the lateral tibial condyle that shock-absorbs the knee joint.

  • Medial meniscus

    A larger, elongated oval fibrocartilage pad on the medial tibial condyle.

  • Calcaneofibular ligament

    A narrow fibrous cord on the lateral ankle, from the lateral malleolus of the fibula to the lateral surface of the calcaneus.

  • Anterior talofibular ligament

    A flat horizontal fibrous band on the front-lateral ankle, connecting the lateral malleolus of the fibula to the anterior neck of the talus.

  • Posterior talofibular ligament

    A strong fibrous band on the back-lateral ankle, connecting the lateral malleolus of the fibula to the posterior tubercle of the talus.

  • Deltoid ligament

    A massive, triangle-shaped multi-part ligament on the medial ankle, anchoring the medial malleolus of the tibia to the talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones.

  • Long plantar ligament

    A long, strong fibrous band along the sole of the foot, extending from the calcaneus to the cuboid and bases of the metatarsals to support foot arches.