BackStudy Guide: Skeletal System 3/3
Terms in this set (21)
Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death important for development and tissue homeostasis.
The bone collar is a layer of compact bone that forms around the diaphysis of a developing long bone during endochondral ossification.
A fontanelle is a soft spot on an infant's skull where the cranial bones have not yet fused.
The metaphysis is the region of a long bone between the diaphysis and epiphysis where growth in length occurs.
Proliferation refers to the rapid multiplication of chondrocytes in the growth plate during bone lengthening.
Calcification is the deposition of calcium salts in the cartilage matrix, hardening it during bone development.
Deposition is the process by which osteoblasts add new bone matrix, increasing bone mass.
Resorption is the breakdown of bone matrix by osteoclasts, releasing minerals into the blood.
Remodeling is the continuous cycle of bone resorption and deposition to maintain bone strength and mineral balance.
The thyroid gland produces hormones like calcitonin that regulate metabolism and calcium levels in the blood.
Parathyroid glands secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) which increases blood calcium by stimulating bone resorption.
Calcitonin is a hormone from the thyroid that lowers blood calcium by inhibiting osteoclast activity.
Parathyroid hormone raises blood calcium by stimulating osteoclasts and increasing calcium absorption in kidneys and intestines.
Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption in the intestines and supports bone mineralization.
A fracture is a break in the bone caused by trauma or stress.
A hematoma is a blood clot formed at the fracture site immediately after bone breakage.
The soft callus is a fibrocartilaginous tissue that forms around a fracture to stabilize the bone during healing.
Osteoporosis is a condition of decreased bone density and increased fracture risk due to excessive bone resorption.
Osteomalacia is the softening of bones caused by defective bone mineralization, often due to vitamin D deficiency.
Rickets is a childhood disease characterized by soft, weak bones caused by vitamin D deficiency leading to poor mineralization.
Proliferation increases chondrocytes, and calcification hardens cartilage, both essential for lengthening bones.