Skip to main content
Back

Glucose and Glycogen Regulation Practice 2 definitions

Control buttons has been changed to "navigation" mode.
1/13
  • Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
    Activator of phosphofructokinase 1, effective at extremely low concentrations, crucial for glycolytic regulation.
  • Phosphofructokinase 1
    Key glycolytic enzyme whose activity is enhanced by specific activators, controlling the pace of glucose breakdown.
  • Glucokinase
    Liver-specific enzyme with high Km, responsible for blood glucose management and uninhibited by glucose 6-phosphate.
  • Hexokinase
    Ubiquitous enzyme converting glucose to glucose 6-phosphate, subject to inhibition by its product for cellular regulation.
  • Glucose 6-phosphate
    Metabolic intermediate that inhibits hexokinase, serving as a feedback regulator in glucose metabolism.
  • Negative feedback
    Regulatory mechanism where accumulation of a product inhibits its own synthesis, ensuring metabolic balance.
  • Km
    Substrate concentration at which an enzyme operates at half its maximum velocity, indicating affinity for substrate.
  • Vmax
    Maximum rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a reaction, reflecting its capacity under saturating substrate conditions.
  • Glycogen phosphorylase
    Enzyme responsible for glycogen breakdown, with tissue-specific Vmax to meet energy or regulatory demands.
  • Muscle
    Tissue requiring rapid glycogen mobilization, supported by high Vmax of glycogen phosphorylase for intense activity.
  • Liver
    Organ central to blood glucose regulation, utilizing glucokinase and tightly controlled glycogen breakdown.
  • Gluconeogenesis
    Process occurring in the liver, generating glucose from non-carbohydrate sources to maintain blood sugar.
  • Blood glucose
    Circulating sugar level managed by liver enzymes and regulatory mechanisms to ensure metabolic stability.