Skip to main content
Back

Distillation & Floatation definitions

Control buttons has been changed to "navigation" mode.
1/15
  • Distillation
    A separation technique exploiting differences in boiling points to isolate components from liquid or gas mixtures.
  • Simple Distillation
    A method using basic apparatus to separate substances with boiling points differing by more than 25°C, yielding faster but less pure results.
  • Fractional Distillation
    A process using a fractional column with beads to separate substances with close boiling points, producing higher purity but less filtrate.
  • Boiling Point
    The temperature at which a substance transitions from liquid to gas, crucial for determining separation methods.
  • Liebig Condenser
    A cooling device with water-filled tubes that condenses vapor back into liquid during distillation.
  • Fractional Column
    A vertical tube filled with beads, increasing surface area and promoting repeated vaporization-condensation cycles for better separation.
  • Bunsen Burner
    A common heating source in distillation setups, providing controlled heat to vaporize mixtures.
  • Mole Fraction
    A ratio expressing the amount of one component relative to the total in a mixture, often tracked during distillation.
  • Methanol
    An alcohol with a boiling point of 67°C, often used as an example in distillation due to its significant boiling point difference from water.
  • Ethanol
    An alcohol with a boiling point of 97°C, requiring fractional distillation for effective separation from water.
  • Filtrate
    The collected liquid product after condensation, whose purity depends on the distillation method used.
  • Condensation
    The process where vapor cools and returns to liquid form, essential for collecting separated components.
  • Vaporization
    The phase change from liquid to gas, initiating the separation of mixture components in distillation.
  • Surface Area
    The total area available for vapor to interact with beads in a fractional column, enhancing separation efficiency.
  • Hot Plate
    An alternative heating device to the Bunsen burner, used to supply heat in distillation setups.