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1/15BackSkip to main contentBackWhat is autoionization (or self-ionization) of water?
Autoionization of water is the process where water molecules react with each other to form H3O+ (hydronium ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion). In the autoionization of water, what roles do the two water molecules play?
One water molecule acts as an acid (H+ donor) and the other as a base (H+ acceptor). What ions are produced during the autoionization of water?
The ions produced are H3O+ (hydronium ion) and OH- (hydroxide ion). What is the chemical equation for the autoionization of water?
The equation is 2 H2O (l) ⇌ H3O+ (aq) + OH- (aq). How can the autoionization of water be simplified in terms of ions?
It can be simplified as H2O ⇌ H+ + OH-. What does the term 'aqueous' mean when referring to H3O+ and OH-?
Aqueous means the ions are dissolved in water, not in the liquid state like H2O molecules. What is the ion product constant for water called?
It is called Kw, the ion product of water. How is Kw mathematically expressed?
Kw = [H3O+][OH-], where the brackets indicate concentration in moles per liter. What is the value of Kw at 25 degrees Celsius?
At 25°C, Kw is 1.0 x 10^-14. How does temperature affect the value of Kw?
Increasing temperature increases the value of Kw. If a problem does not specify temperature, what value of Kw should you use?
You should use Kw = 1.0 x 10^-14, assuming the temperature is 25°C. According to the Bronsted-Lowry definition, what is an acid and what is a base?
An acid is an H+ donor and a base is an H+ acceptor. What happens to a water molecule after it donates an H+ ion?
It becomes an OH- (hydroxide ion). What happens to a water molecule after it accepts an H+ ion?
It becomes an H3O+ (hydronium ion). Are H+ and H3O+ the same in aqueous solutions?
Yes, H+ and H3O+ are used interchangeably to represent the hydronium ion in aqueous solutions.
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