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Anatomy & Physiology: Cells, Tissues, Muscular, Skeletal, Nervous Systems, and Special Senses

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Termini in questo insieme (27)

  • What is the basic structural and functional unit of the human body?

    The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of the human body.

  • Name the four primary tissue types in the human body.

    Epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous tissues.

  • What is the main function of epithelial tissue?

    Protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration of substances.

  • Describe connective tissue and its general function.

    Connective tissue supports, binds, and protects organs and other tissues.

  • What are the three types of muscle tissue?

    Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues.

  • What distinguishes skeletal muscle tissue?

    It is voluntary, striated, and attached to bones for movement.

  • What is the function of cardiac muscle tissue?

    Cardiac muscle contracts involuntarily to pump blood through the heart.

  • Where is smooth muscle tissue found and what is its function?

    Found in walls of hollow organs; controls involuntary movements like digestion.

  • What are the main components of the skeletal system?

    Bones, cartilage, ligaments, and joints.

  • What is the primary function of bones?

    Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production.

  • Define the nervous system's primary role.

    To receive, process, and transmit electrical signals for body control.

  • What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

    Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).

  • What cells make up the nervous system?

    Neurons for signal transmission and glial cells for support.

  • Name the five special senses.

    Vision, hearing, taste, smell, and balance.

  • What is the receptor organ for vision?

    The eye, which detects light and color.

  • Which organ is responsible for hearing and balance?

    The ear, with the cochlea for hearing and vestibular system for balance.

  • What receptors are involved in the sense of taste?

    Taste buds on the tongue detect sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami flavors.

  • How does the sense of smell work?

    Olfactory receptors in the nasal cavity detect airborne chemicals.

  • What type of tissue connects muscles to bones?

    Tendons connect muscles to bones.

  • What type of tissue connects bones to bones at joints?

    Ligaments connect bones to bones.

  • What is the role of cartilage in the skeletal system?

    Provides flexible support and reduces friction at joints.

  • What is the function of glial cells in the nervous system?

    Support, protect, and nourish neurons.

  • What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?

    Voluntary muscles are consciously controlled; involuntary muscles are not.

  • What is the role of the myelin sheath in neurons?

    It insulates axons to speed up electrical signal transmission.

  • Name the layers of the skin from outermost to innermost.

    Epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis.

  • What is the primary function of the epidermis?

    Protection against environmental damage and water loss.

  • Which muscle type is responsible for posture and movement?

    Skeletal muscle maintains posture and enables movement.