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Anatomy & Physiology Muscle and Nervous System Study Guide (AI)

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Termini in questo insieme (14)

  • What are the six major functions of skeletal muscle?

    (MPJHPC)

    Movement,

    posture maintenance,

    joint stabilization,

    heat generation,

    protection of internal organs,

    control of body openings.

  • What distinctive features characterize skeletal muscle fibers?

    They are long, cylindrical, multinucleated, and have striations.

  • How does the nervous system communicate with skeletal muscles?

    Via the "neuromuscular junction"

    Motor neurons release neurotransmitters to stimulate muscle contraction.

  • How does cardiac muscle tissue differ structurally from skeletal muscle tissue?

    Cardiac muscle cells are:

    branched

    unnucleated,

    connected by intercalated discs,

    and have involuntary control.

  • How does smooth muscle tissue differ from skeletal and cardiac muscle tissue?

    Smooth muscle cells are:

    spindle-shaped,

    unnucleated,

    lack striations,

    are under involuntary control.

  • What are the three classes of levers in the body that increase muscle efficiency?

    First-class, second-class, and third-class levers.

    relative positions of effort, load, and fulcrum change class

  • What is the difference between muscle origin and insertion?

    Origin is the fixed attachment point;

    insertion is the movable attachment point of a muscle.

  • Which muscles primarily move the leg?

    Quadriceps femoris,

    Hamstrings,

    and Gastrocnemius

  • What are the main anatomical divisions of the nervous system? (CNS) (PNS)

    The central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS).

  • What are neurons specialized for?

    Intercellular communication:

    via electrical and chemical signals.

  • What structures make up the central nervous system (CNS)?

    The brain and spinal cord.

  • What structures make up the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

    The cranial nerves and spinal nerves.

  • What are the three meninges surrounding the spinal cord? (DAP)

    Dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

  • What type of information does the spinal cord carry?

    sensory information to the brain

    and

    motor commands to muscles.