Chapter 4 - The Integumentary System (Exam I)

The deep layer of the dermis aka ____ layer has what type of connective tissue

the deep epidermis has what type of tissue in it? which layer

what are the 5 layers of thick-skinned epidermis? (from deep to most superficial)

which layer is not in thin skin?

what are the 4 cell types of epidermis

____ are the most abundant cells in the epidermis

____ are pigment cells found deep in the epidermis

___ are sensory cells

____ cells are fixed macrophages

the stratum germinativum layer is the most ___ layer of the epidermis

attached to the ____ ____

contains ___ cells that are large stem cells that give rise to new keratinocytes, ____ and ____ cells

The Stratum Spinosum layer of the epidermis contains ____ pushed from basal layer

contains several layers of ____ bound together by ___ ____ attached to ____ of the cytoskeleton

____ cells and ____ are often present in this layer

In the Stratum Granulosum layer of the epidermis, cells still have a ____

keratinocytes start making large amount of protein called ____ and ____

___ ____ develop as cells become thinner and flatter

in this layer, cell membranes ____, organelles ____, and the cells ____

The stratum lucidum layer is a ____ layer

the cells contain no ___ or ____

only appears in ___ skin

The Stratum Corneum consists of multiple layers of flattened, dead, interlocking _____

typically very ____

____ resistant but not _____

permits slow water loss by ____ ____

keratinization or cornification occurs in all exposed skin surfaces except the anterior surface of the ___

thick skin only found on ___ and ___

Dermal ridges form friction ridges (finger prints) and are formed by interlocking of the ____ and ____

_____ is the projection of dermis toward epidermis that helps create dermal ridges

melanin is not present in ___ and ____

_____ are intracellular vesicles filled with melanin and most abundant around the ____ of cells

____ layer of dermis consists of LACT that provides mechanical ____ for epidermis and contains ___ and ____

____ layer of dermis contains DICT surrounding blood vessels, hair follicles, nerves, and sweat glands

collagen and elastic fibers arranged in parallel bundles align to resist applied forces, resulting in a pattern called ____

____ is a nonliving keratinized structure that extends beyond the surface of the skin in most are of the body

hair ___ are the organs that form hairs; extend deep into the dermis and sometimes the subcutaneous tissue

hair ___ is a connective tissue with capillaries and nerves

_____ is a type of smooth muscle that extends from papillary layer to connective tissue sheath; pulls on hair follicle and raises hair

___ glands are most commonly associated with hair

____ is the bunch of sensory nerves surrounding the base of each hair follicle

____ are extremely find, unpigmented hair that appears ~3 months into embryonic development; mostly shed before birth

____ are "peach fuzz" hairs with no distinct medulla

____ hairs are heavy and pigmented

____ is a single layer of dead keratinized cells at the outer surface of hair that overlap

white hair is from lower pigments being produced by melanocytes in the ___ of the hair and the presence of air bubbles within the ____

Hair growth cycle:

during the active phase, hair grows ___mm/day for about ___ years

during the regression phase, the hair loosens from the follicle and becomes ___ hair

next is the ___ phase

Lastly, during the reactivation phase club hair is ___ and the hair ____ begins producing replacement

what are the 2 exocrine glands?

what are the two sweat glands; what is another name for sweat glands

____ glands produce waxy, oily lipid that coats hair shaft and epidermis

cells of this gland release through ____ secretion (cell ____)

_____ glands produce watery solution which are squeezed out by specialized epithelial cells called ____ cells

____ sweat glands release secretions into hair follicles in armpits, nipples, groin

cells of this gland release through ___ secretion

secretions are usually viscous, cloudy, odorous and begin at ____

____ sweat glands are smaller than apocrine glands and aren't located as deep

produce clear secretion called ____ or ____ _____

excrete ___, ____, and ____

protects us by _____ harmful chemicals and discouraging ____

the entire epidermis is called what?

What are the primary cells in the epidermis

which layer of the epidermis is simple cuboidal epithelium and is the actively mitotically dividing layer?

which layer of the epidermis contained laminated granules and gives skin its water resistance?

what are all the names for the layer beneath the reticular layer of the dermis?

___ fascia connects one part of the body to another. ____ fascia does NOT

____ secrete sebum onto the skin surface. ___ secretes sebum into hair follicles