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Indietro

Chapter one

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Termini in questo insieme (30)

  • What is anatomy?

    Anatomy is the study of the structures of the body, including what they are made of and where they are located.

  • What is physiology?

    Physiology is the study of the functions of anatomical structures and how individual and cooperative functions occur.

  • Name the levels of organization in the human body from smallest to largest.

    Atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.

  • What are the major organs of the integumentary system?

    Skin, hair, sweat glands, and nails.

  • What are the primary functions of the integumentary system?

    Protects against environmental hazards, helps regulate body temperature, and provides sensory information.

  • What are the major organs of the skeletal system?

    Bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, and bone marrow.

  • What are the main functions of the skeletal system?

    Provides support and protection for other tissues, stores calcium and other minerals, and forms blood cells.

  • What organs make up the muscular system?

    Skeletal muscles and associated tendons.

  • List the functions of the muscular system.

    Provides movement, protection and support for other tissues, and generates heat to maintain body temperature.

  • What are the major organs of the nervous system?

    Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and sense organs.

  • What functions does the nervous system perform?

    Directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinates activities of other organ systems, and provides sensory information about external conditions.

  • Name the major organs of the endocrine system.

    Pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, suprarenal glands, gonads (testes and ovaries), and endocrine tissues in other systems.

  • What are the functions of the endocrine system?

    Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems, adjusts metabolic activity and energy use, and controls structural and functional changes during development.

  • What organs compose the cardiovascular system?

    Heart, blood, and blood vessels.

  • What are the main functions of the cardiovascular system?

    Distributes blood cells, water, and dissolved materials including nutrients, waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide; distributes heat and assists in temperature control.

  • List the major organs of the lymphoid system.

    Spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and tonsils.

  • What functions does the lymphoid system serve?

    Defends against infection and disease, and returns tissue fluids to the bloodstream.

  • What are the major organs of the respiratory system?

    Nasal cavities, sinuses, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli.

  • What are the primary functions of the respiratory system?

    Delivers air to alveoli for gas exchange, provides oxygen to the bloodstream, removes carbon dioxide, and produces sounds for communication.

  • Name the major organs of the digestive system.

    Teeth, tongue, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.

  • What functions does the digestive system perform?

    Processes and digests food, absorbs and conserves water, absorbs nutrients, and stores energy reserves.

  • What organs make up the urinary system?

    Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.

  • List the functions of the urinary system.

    Excretes waste products from the blood, controls water balance by regulating urine volume, stores urine prior to elimination, and regulates blood ion concentrations and pH.

  • What are the major organs of the male reproductive system?

    Testes, epididymides, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, and scrotum.

  • What functions does the male reproductive system serve?

    Produces male sex cells (sperm), suspending fluids, hormones, and enables sexual intercourse.

  • Name the major organs of the female reproductive system.

    Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, and mammary glands.

  • What are the functions of the female reproductive system?

    Produces female sex cells (oocytes) and hormones, supports embryo development, provides milk to nourish newborns, and enables sexual intercourse.

  • What is homeostasis?

    Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal environment by all body systems working together.

  • Describe negative feedback in homeostasis.

    Negative feedback reverses a change to return the body to its normal range, such as sweating to cool the body when too warm.

  • What is positive feedback and give an example?

    Positive feedback amplifies a change, moving the body away from homeostasis, such as during childbirth or blood clotting.