Scelta multipla
Which statement is incorrect concerning animal viruses?
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17. Viruses
Viruses
Scelta multipla
How does a retrovirus like HIV enter a host cell?
A
By direct fusion with the host cell membrane
B
By endocytosis followed by lysis of the endosome
C
By being engulfed by phagocytosis
D
By injecting its genetic material through a needle-like structure
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Understand the structure of a retrovirus like HIV. HIV is an enveloped virus, meaning it has a lipid membrane surrounding its protein capsid.
Recognize the role of viral envelope proteins. HIV has specific proteins on its envelope, such as gp120 and gp41, which are crucial for attachment and entry into the host cell.
Identify the host cell receptor interaction. HIV targets CD4+ T cells, using the CD4 receptor and a co-receptor (usually CCR5 or CXCR4) to bind and initiate entry.
Explore the mechanism of entry. Once HIV binds to the CD4 receptor and co-receptor, the viral envelope fuses directly with the host cell membrane, allowing the viral capsid to enter the cell.
Clarify why other methods are incorrect. HIV does not use endocytosis, phagocytosis, or a needle-like structure for entry; its entry is characterized by direct fusion with the host cell membrane.
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