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What is the smallest unit of genetic information that can be directly read to code for a trait?
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15. Gene Expression
Genetic Code
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How many bases of mRNA specify an amino acid?
A
Two
B
Three
C
One
D
Four
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Understand that mRNA (messenger RNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.
Recall that the genetic code is read in sets of three nucleotide bases, known as codons, on the mRNA strand.
Each codon specifies a particular amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.
Recognize that the standard genetic code consists of 64 codons, each made up of three bases, which correspond to the 20 amino acids used in proteins.
Conclude that three bases of mRNA are required to specify one amino acid, as each codon is composed of three nucleotides.
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